Medical

Laboratory

Technical

Skills

Specimen

Collection

Handling

Processing

Clinical

Chemistry

Immunoassay

Hematology

Coagulation

Venipuncture

technique

—

vacuum

tube

syringe

and

butterfly

systems

Capillary

and

dermal

puncture

collection

Correct

order

draw

and

additive

selection

(

EDTA

sodium

citrate

lithium

heparin

SST

fluoride

oxalate

)

Difficult

draws

pediatric

geriatric

and

fragile

vein

technique

Aseptic

blood

culture

collection

Urine

collection

—

clean

catch

midstream

, 24-

hour

catheterized

pediatric

bag

Body

fluid

collection

—

CSF

synovial

pleural

peritoneal

pericardial

Non

blood

specimen

handling

—

tissue

stool

sputum

swabs

hair

nail

Two

patient

identifier

verification

and

specimen

labeling

Chain

custody

procedures

for

forensic

and

drug

testing

specimens

Specimen

rejection

criteria

stability

limits

and

integrity

assessment

Centrifugation

protocols

aliquoting

and

refrigerated

frozen

storage

Biohazard

packaging

and

transport

(

3373

Category

)

Pre

analytical

error

identification

and

resolution

Automated

chemistry

analyzer

operation

(

Roche

cobas

Abbott

Alinity

Architect

Siemens

Atellica

Beckman

)

Spectrophotometry

turbidimetry

nephelometry

and

ion

selective

electrode

(

ISE

)

measurement

Enzyme

kinetics

and

endpoint

reaction

monitoring

Metabolic

panels

renal

function

hepatic

function

and

electrolyte

testing

Lipid

profiles

cardiac

markers

and

diabetes

monitoring

(

HbA

HPLC

and

capillary

)

Therapeutic

drug

monitoring

and

toxicology

screening

Thyroid

reproductive

adrenal

and

tumor

marker

immunoassays

Protein

electrophoresis

and

immunofixation

interpretation

Blood

gas

oximetry

and

critical

electrolyte

analysis

Calibration

calibration

verification

and

linearity

studies

Delta

checks

autoverification

logic

and

critical

value

reporting

Interference

recognition

—

hemolysis

icterus

lipemia

biotin

heterophile

antibodies

Complete

blood

count

with

automated

part

differential

(

Sysmex

Beckman

Coulter

Abbott

)

Manual

white

cell

differential

counting

Peripheral

blood

smear

preparation

and

morphological

review

RBC

morphology

anisocytosis

poikilocytosis

and

inclusion

body

identification

Reticulocyte

counts

ESR

and

body

fluid

cell

counts

Coagulation

testing

—

INR

aPTT

fibrinogen

thrombin

time

dimer

Mixing

studies

for

factor

inhibitor

detection

Platelet

function

testing

and

von

Willebrand

factor

assays

Hemoglobinopathy

screening

—

sickle

solubility

HPLC

gel

electrophoresis

Malaria

and

blood

parasite

smear

examination

Bone

marrow

aspirate

and

biopsy

processing

Anemia

leukemia

and

lymphoma

smear

correlation

1 / 4

Medical Laboratory Technical Skills — page 2

Microbiology

Infectious

Disease

Testing

Immunology

Serology

Immunohematology

(

Blood

Bank

Transfusion

Services

)

Molecular

Diagnostics

Cytogenetics

Gram

stain

acid

fast

and

fluorescent

staining

techniques

Aerobic

anaerobic

and

fungal

culture

setup

and

isolation

Colonial

morphology

assessment

and

biochemical

identification

MALDI

TOF

mass

spectrometry

organism

identification

Automated

identification

and

susceptibility

systems

(

VITEK

Phoenix

MicroScan

)

Disk

diffusion

(

Kirby

Bauer

MIC

determination

and

broth

microdilution

Resistance

screening

—

MRSA

VRE

ESBL

and

carbapenemase

producers

Blood

culture

instrument

monitoring

and

subculture

(

BACTEC

BacT

ALERT

)

Rapid

antigen

and

molecular

assays

—

streptococcus

influenza

RSV

difficile

Mycobacteriology

—

AFB

smear

culture

and

nucleic

acid

amplification

Parasitology

—

ova

and

parasite

examination

Giemsa

stains

antigen

testing

Mycology

—

fungal

culture

KOH

preparation

and

identification

Antibiogram

review

and

antimicrobial

stewardship

support

ELISA

EIA

and

chemiluminescent

immunoassay

platforms

Indirect

immunofluorescence

microscopy

—

ANA

ANCA

dsDNA

Western

blot

and

line

immunoassay

interpretation

Flow

cytometry

immunophenotyping

and

lymphocyte

subset

analysis

Syphilis

testing

algorithms

using

treponemal

and

nontreponemal

methods

HIV

hepatitis

and

hepatitis

serology

and

reflex

testing

Autoimmune

panels

—

rheumatoid

factor

anti

CCP

complement

celiac

markers

Allergen

specific

IgE

testing

Vaccine

immunity

and

antibody

titer

testing

(

MMR

varicella

hepatitis

)

Assay

interference

investigation

and

repeat

testing

protocols

ABO

forward

and

reverse

grouping

typing

and

antigen

phenotyping

Antibody

screening

and

identification

using

tube

gel

and

solid

phase

methods

Crossmatching

—

immediate

spin

AHG

and

electronic

crossmatch

Direct

and

indirect

antiglobulin

testing

(

DAT

IAT

)

Elution

absorption

and

adsorption

techniques

Titration

clinically

significant

antibodies

Transfusion

reaction

investigation

and

required

reporting

Blood

component

preparation

leukoreduction

and

irradiation

Inventory

management

product

rotation

and

compatibility

label

verification

Neonatal

testing

—

cord

blood

typing

and

fetomaternal

hemorrhage

(

Kleihauer

Betke

)

Emergency

release

and

massive

transfusion

protocol

support

Reference

laboratory

referral

and

complex

serological

consultation

Nucleic

acid

extraction

—

manual

and

automated

platforms

Real

time

PCR

reverse

transcription

PCR

and

digital

PCR

Qualitative

and

quantitative

viral

load

assays

generation

sequencing

library

preparation

and

data

review

Sanger

sequencing

and

fragment

analysis

Fluorescence

situ

hybridization

(

FISH

)

preparation

Karyotyping

and

chromosomal

analysis

support

Agarose

gel

and

capillary

electrophoresis

Laboratory

developed

test

validation

and

limit

detection

studies

Contamination

control

and

amplicon

free

workflow

practices

2 / 4

Medical Laboratory Technical Skills — page 3

Urinalysis

Body

Fluid

Analysis

Histology

Cytopathology

Point

Care

Testing

(

POCT

)

Laboratory

Quality

Management

Instrumentation

Troubleshooting

Maintenance

Laboratory

Information

Systems

Informatics

Reagent

strip

(

dipstick

)

chemical

analysis

and

result

interpretation

Microscopic

sediment

examination

and

cell

enumeration

Crystal

cast

and

cellular

element

identification

Urine

hCG

microalbumin

and

osmolality

testing

Body

fluid

differential

counts

and

cytospin

preparation

CSF

analysis

—

cell

counts

protein

glucose

and

xanthochromia

assessment

Tissue

grossing

fixation

and

processing

Embedding

microtomy

and

cryostat

frozen

section

preparation

Hematoxylin

and

eosin

staining

and

special

stains

Immunohistochemistry

(

IHC

)

and

situ

hybridization

Pap

smear

screening

and

liquid

based

cytology

preparation

Fine

needle

aspiration

(

FNA

)

specimen

processing

Digital

pathology

and

whole

slide

imaging

workflows

Glucometers

blood

gas

analyzers

and

cartridge

based

systems

(

STAT

)

Rapid

streptococcus

influenza

and

SARS

CoV

-2

antigen

testing

Urine

pregnancy

and

rapid

drug

screening

devices

Viscoelastic

testing

—

TEG

and

ROTEM

Operator

competency

assessment

and

POCT

training

delivery

Device

validation

quality

control

and

LIS

connectivity

Internal

quality

control

—

Levey

Jennings

charts

and

Westgard

multirules

External

proficiency

testing

participation

and

result

review

(

CAP

API

AAB

)

CLIA

CAP

and

Joint

Commission

inspection

readiness

Standard

operating

procedure

writing

review

and

document

control

Method

validation

and

verification

—

accuracy

precision

linearity

sensitivity

Corrective

and

preventive

action

(

CAPA

)

and

root

cause

analysis

Risk

assessment

and

failure

mode

and

effects

analysis

(

FMEA

)

Turnaround

time

monitoring

and

process

improvement

projects

Incident

reporting

deviation

documentation

and

audit

preparation

Reference

interval

establishment

and

verification

Daily

weekly

and

monthly

preventive

maintenance

schedules

Calibration

and

calibration

verification

procedures

Analyzer

troubleshooting

and

error

code

resolution

Probe

tubing

and

cuvette

replacement

Pipetting

accuracy

and

liquid

handling

verification

Temperature

monitoring

and

cold

chain

documentation

Reagent

management

lot

verification

and

inventory

control

Instrument

correlation

after

service

relocation

software

upgrade

Laboratory

information

systems

—

Epic

Beaker

Cerner

PathNet

Sunquest

SoftLab

interfaces

order

mapping

and

result

routing

Barcode

specimen

tracking

and

label

printing

systems

Middleware

rules

and

autoverification

configuration

Result

entry

verification

amendment

and

add

testing

workflows

Spreadsheet

and

statistical

analysis

—

mean

standard

deviation

, %

correlation

HIPAA

compliant

data

handling

and

cybersecurity

awareness

3 / 4

Medical Laboratory Technical Skills — page 4

Safety

Compliance

Professional

Practice

OSHA

Bloodborne

Pathogens

Standard

and

PPE

compliance

BSL

-2

and

BSL

-3

biosafety

practices

Chemical

hygiene

SDS

review

and

hazardous

waste

segregation

Sharps

handling

spill

cleanup

and

surface

decontamination

Formaldehyde

and

xylene

safety

practices

Fire

electrical

and

radiation

safety

procedures

Infection

control

and

hand

hygiene

protocols

Patient

confidentiality

and

HIPAA

compliance

Continuing

education

and

certification

maintenance

(

MLS

MLT

ASCP

)

Clear

written

and

verbal

communication

with

clinical

care

teams

Multidisciplinary

collaboration

and

pre

analytical

problem

solving

4 / 4

Medical Laboratory Technical Skills

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