Rights, Rules, Responsibilities

1. University-Wide Regulations 2021

1.1 University Principles of General Conduct and Regulations

1.2 University-Wide Conduct Regulations

1.3 Title IX Sexual Harassment and University Sexual Misconduct

1.4 The University, the Law, and Property Rights

1.5 Guidelines Relating to the Tax-Exempt Status of the University and Political Activities

1.6 Health and Safety Policies

1.7 Resolution of Complaints against Members of the University Community

1.8 The Council of the Princeton University Community (CPUC)

1.9 The Judicial Committee of the Council of the Princeton University Community

1.1 University Principles of General Conduct and Regulations

1.1.1 Introduction

The central purposes of a university are the pursuit of truth, the discovery of new

knowledge through scholarship and research, the teaching and general development of

students, and the transmission of knowledge and learning to society at large. Free

inquiry and free expression within the academic community are indispensable to the

achievement of these goals. The freedom to teach and to learn depends upon the

creation of appropriate conditions and opportunities on the campus as a whole as well

as in classrooms and lecture halls. All members of the academic community share the

responsibility for securing and sustaining the general conditions conducive to this

freedom.

The primary purposes of regulations and discipline in a university are to protect the

well-being of the community and to advance its educational mission by defining and

establishing certain norms of behavior. At Princeton, disciplinary proceedings have a

role that is subordinate to positive guidance, rational admonition, and reasonable

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 2

appeal to members of the University to observe its stated norms. The disciplinary

system establishes procedures for a fair hearing, including advising individuals fully of

the charges against them, affording them ample opportunity to speak on their behalf,

and requiring a clear explanation of their rights of appeal. Disciplinary proceedings are

instituted only for violations of standards of conduct defined in advance and published,

or for actions that can be reasonably deduced as violations in light of those specifically

defined as such. Regulations governing the conduct of members of the University

community will be revised only after deliberations in which representatives of the

appropriate groups are invited to participate.

Since rigid codification and relentless administration of rules and regulations are not

appropriate to an academic community, the rules and policy statements that follow

serve mainly to clarify commonly accepted standards of conduct within the University.

1.1.2 Academic Integrity

The ability of the University to achieve its purposes depends upon the quality and

integrity of the academic work that its faculty, staff, and students perform. Academic

freedom can flourish only in a community of scholars which recognizes that intellectual

integrity, with its accompanying rights and responsibilities, lies at the heart of its

mission. Observing basic honesty in one's work, words, ideas, and actions is a principle

to which all members of the community are required to subscribe. (See

sections under

2.3

and

2.4

regarding the Honor Code and other academic regulations.)

1.1.3 Statement on Freedom of Expression

Because the University is committed to free and open inquiry in all matters, it

guarantees all members of the University community the broadest possible latitude to

speak, write, listen, challenge, and learn. Except insofar as limitations on that freedom

are necessary to the functioning of the University, Princeton University fully respects

and supports the freedom of all members of the University community “to discuss any

problem that presents itself.”

Of course, the ideas of different members of the University community will often and

quite naturally conflict. But it is not the proper role of the University to attempt to shield

individuals from ideas and opinions they find unwelcome, disagreeable, or even deeply

offensive. Although the University greatly values civility, and although all members of

the University community share in the responsibility for maintaining a climate of mutual

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 3

respect, concerns about civility and mutual respect can never be used as a justification

for closing off discussion of ideas, however offensive or disagreeable those ideas may

be to some members of our community.

The freedom to debate and discuss the merits of competing ideas does not, of course,

mean that individuals may say whatever they wish, wherever they wish. The University

may restrict expression that violates the law, that falsely defames a specific individual,

that constitutes a genuine threat or harassment, that unjustifiably invades substantial

privacy or confidentiality interests, or that is otherwise directly incompatible with the

functioning of the University. In addition, the University may reasonably regulate the

time, place, and manner of expression to ensure that it does not disrupt the ordinary

activities of the University. But these are narrow exceptions to the general principle of

freedom of expression, and it is vitally important that these exceptions never be used in

a manner that is inconsistent with the University’s commitment to a completely free

and open discussion of ideas.

In a word, the University’s fundamental commitment is to the principle that debate or

deliberation may not be suppressed because the ideas put forth are thought by some

or even by most members of the University community to be offensive, unwise,

immoral, or wrong-headed. It is for the individual members of the University community,

not for the University as an institution, to make those judgments for themselves, and to

act on those judgments not by seeking to suppress speech, but by openly and

vigorously contesting the ideas that they oppose. Indeed, fostering the ability of

members of the University community to engage in such debate and deliberation in an

effective and responsible manner is an essential part of the University’s educational

mission.

As a corollary to the University’s commitment to protect and promote free expression,

members of the University community must also act in conformity with the principle of

free expression. Although members of the University community are free to criticize

and contest the views expressed on campus, and to criticize and contest speakers who

are invited to express their views on campus, they may not obstruct or otherwise

interfere with the freedom of others to express views they reject or even loathe. To this

end, the University has a solemn responsibility not only to promote a lively and fearless

freedom of debate and deliberation, but also to protect that freedom when others

attempt to restrict it.

This statement was originally drafted and adopted by the University of Chicago and was

adopted by the Faculty of Princeton University at its meeting of April 6, 2015.

1.1.4 Statement on Diversity and Community

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 4

Princeton University is a community devoted to learning. We actively seek students,

faculty, and staff of exceptional ability and promise who share in our commitment to

excellence in teaching and scholarship, and who will bring a diversity of viewpoints and

cultures. By incorporating a broad range of human experiences and a rich variety of

human perspectives, we enlarge our capacity for learning, enrich the quality and texture

of campus life, and better prepare for life and leadership in a pluralistic society.

As a community, we respect the dignity, individuality, and freedom of each member. At

the same time, we strive to be a place where individuals and groups learn with and

from each other. We aim to foster a sense of shared experience and common purpose,

along with a collective responsibility for each other's well-being and for the well-being

of the University as a whole.

Although we acknowledge the difficulties inherent in creating a community of

individuals who are different from each other, we remain unwavering in our

commitment to both diversity and community in a context of academic excellence. We

seek to enable all members of this community to pursue their educational, scholarly,

and career interests in an environment that recognizes both the distinctiveness of each

person's experience and the common humanity that unites us all, and permits us to

take full educational advantage of the variety of talents, backgrounds, and perspectives

of those who live and work here.

1.1.5 Honesty and Cooperation in University Matters

All members of the University community are expected to be honest and

straightforward in their dealings with University processes, policies, activities, and

personnel. This obligation includes honoring contracts and agreements and providing

accurate information on official forms and documents as well as to official University

personnel, offices, and committees. Deliberate violations of this provision will be

considered serious offenses; subsequent violations, or systematic violations in the first

instance, will be considered extremely serious.

Members of the University community are expected to cooperate fully in the

disciplinary process, and anyone (whether a party or a witness) who refuses to

cooperate may be subject to discipline. Failing to respond to multiple attempts by an

administrator to contact or meet with a member of the University community may be

considered a refusal to cooperate.

1.1.6 Confidentiality of Records

The University's Information Security Policy (

www.princeton.edu/oit/it-policies/it-

security-policy

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 5

) provides the general framework for protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and

availability of information owned by or entrusted to Princeton University. Any willful

violation of the provisions of

section 2.7

"Student Privacy Rights under Federal Law," or the Information Security Policy (

www.princeton.edu/oit/it-policies/it-security-policy

), will be regarded as an extremely serious offense.

1.1.7 Range of Penalties

For violations of University-wide rules of conduct, members of the community are

subject to several kinds of penalties. The applicability and exact nature of each penalty

vary for faculty, academic professionals, staff, and students.

For more information, faculty and academic professionals should consult:

https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-faculty-princeton-university-and-

other-provisions-concern-faculty/chapter-iv

< https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-faculty-princeton-university-and-other-provisions-

concern-faculty/chapter-iv>

https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-professional-library-staff-

princeton-university-and-other-provisions-concern-45

< https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-professional-library-staff-princeton-university-and-

other-provisions-concern-45>

https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-professional-researchers-and-

professional-specialists-princeton-university-21

< https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures-professional-researchers-and-professional-

specialists-princeton-university-21>

Staff should consult Human Resources policies:

Disciplinary Procedure

https://hr.princeton.edu/myhr/policies/disciplinary-procedure

Termination for Failure to Comply with University Policy (Misconduct/Cause)

https://hr.princeton.edu/myhr/policies/termination-failure-comply-university-

policy-misconductcause

< https://hr.princeton.edu/myhr/policies/termination-failure-comply-university-policy-

misconductcause>

The penalties for students are listed below.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 6

Informal Sanctions

Minor violations of rules of conduct may be met with informal responses.

1. Dean’s Warning.

An admonition that does not become part of an individual's

permanent record, but that may be taken into account in judging the seriousness of any

future violation.

2. Reprimand.

Reprimand is a stronger admonition than a dean's warning, intended to

signal that the student has committed a minor infraction, conveying that the student

must be vigilant against future infractions, and providing a disincentive against future

infractions in that a reprimand will not become part of the student’s permanent record

unless there is a subsequent infraction, at which point the reprimand will be formally

recorded on the student’s permanent record.

Both a dean’s warning and a reprimand may be taken into account in judging the

seriousness of any future violation.

Formal Sanctions

More serious violations may be met with the following formal responses which are

recorded on the student’s permanent record.

1. Disciplinary Probation.

A more serious admonition assigned for a definite amount of

time. It implies that any future violation,

of whatever kind,

especially but not exclusively

during that time, may be grounds for suspension, suspension with conditions, or in

especially serious cases, expulsion from the University. Disciplinary probation will be

taken into account in judging the seriousness of any subsequent infraction even if the

probationary period has expired.

Disciplinary probation appears on an individual's permanent record at the University

(but not on the transcript) and may be disclosed by the Office of the Dean of

Undergraduate Students or the Office of the Dean of the Graduate School in response

to requests for which the student has given permission or as otherwise legally required.

2. Withholding of Degree.

In cases involving seniors or graduate students, the

University may withhold a student's Princeton degree for a specified period of time.

This penalty is imposed instead of suspension at the end of an undergraduate’s senior

year or at the end of a graduate student’s program length where all other degree

requirements have been met. A withheld degree is recorded on a student's transcript.

Relevant information remains on the student's permanent record at the University and

may be disclosed by the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students or the Office of

the Dean of the Graduate School in response to requests for which the student has

given permission or as otherwise legally required.

3. Suspension.

Removal from membership in the University for a specified period of

time. A suspension is recorded on a student's transcript. Relevant information remains

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 7

on the student's permanent record at the University and may be disclosed by the Office

of the Dean of Undergraduate Students or the Office of the Dean of the Graduate

School in response to requests for which the student has given permission or as

otherwise legally required.

4. Suspension with Conditions.

Removal from membership in the University for at least

the period of time specified by the suspension, with the suspension to continue until

certain conditions, stipulated by the appropriate body applying this sanction, have been

fulfilled. These conditions may include, but are not limited to, restitution of damages,

formal apology, or counseling. A suspension with conditions is recorded on a student's

transcript. Relevant information remains on the student's permanent record at the

University and may be disclosed by the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students

or the Office of the Dean of the Graduate School in response to requests for which the

student has given permission or as otherwise legally required.

5. Expulsion.

Permanent removal from membership in the University, without hope of

readmission to the community. Expulsion is recorded on a student's transcript.

Relevant information remains on the student's permanent record at the University and

may be disclosed by the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students or the Office of

the Dean of the Graduate School in response to requests for which the student has

given permission or as otherwise legally required.

The following may accompany any of the preceding penalties:

Censure.

University censure can be added to any of the other penalties listed above,

except dean’s warning and reprimand. Censure indicates the University's desire to

underscore the seriousness of the violation and the absence of mitigating

circumstances, and to convey that seriousness in response to future authorized

inquiries about the given individual's conduct.

Campus Service.

Campus service up to 10 hours per week may be added to a

reprimand, disciplinary probation, or suspension. This penalty may be particularly

appropriate in cases involving vandalism, disorderly conduct, and alcohol-related

infractions.

University Housing.

When appropriate to the infraction, particularly in instances

involving antisocial behavior having a serious impact on the residential community,

removal from University housing or relocation within University housing may be added

to any of the other penalties listed above, except warning and reprimand. In the case of

a first-year or sophomore, removal from housing is not an option as all underclass

students must reside in a residential college. Relocation within residential colleges will

be imposed only after consultation with the head of the student's residential college.

Access to Space, Resources, and Activities.

When appropriate in cases involving

behavioral misconduct between members of the community, restrictions may be

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 8

placed on access to space and/or resources or on participation in activities so as to

limit opportunities for contact among the parties.

Educational Refresher Programs.

In addition to any of the penalties listed above, a

student may be required to participate in educational refresher programs appropriate to

the infraction.

Restitution.

The penalty for willful or reckless damage or vandalism will ordinarily

include restitution for replacement or repair.

1.1.8 Circumstances Affecting Health or Safety

In circumstances seriously affecting the health or well-being of any person, or where

physical safety is seriously threatened, or where the ability of the University to carry out

its essential operations is seriously threatened or impaired, the president or a

representative, authorized by the president, may summarily suspend, dismiss, or bar

any person from the University. In all such cases, actions taken will be reviewed

promptly, typically within one week, by the appropriate University authority.

1.2 University-Wide Conduct Regulations

1.2.1 Respect for Others

Respect for the rights, privileges, and sensibilities of each other is essential in

preserving the spirit of community at Princeton. Actions which make the atmosphere

intimidating, threatening, or hostile to individuals are therefore regarded as serious

offenses. Abusive or harassing behavior, verbal or physical, which demeans,

intimidates, threatens, or injures another because of personal characteristics or beliefs

or their expression, is subject to University disciplinary sanctions as described above.

Examples of personal characteristics or beliefs include but are not limited to sex,

sexual orientation, gender identity, race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, and disability.

Making tolerance of such behavior or submission to it a condition of employment,

evaluation, compensation, or advancement is an especially serious offense.

Procedures for resolving complaints or grievances on such matters are discussed

under

section 1.3

and

section 1.7

Princeton University strives to be an intellectual and residential community in which all

members can participate fully and equally, in an atmosphere free from all

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 9

manifestations of bias and from all forms of discrimination, harassment, exploitation,

or intimidation. As an intellectual community, it attaches great value to freedom of

expression and vigorous debate, but it also attaches great importance to mutual

respect, and it deplores expressions of hatred directed against any individual or group.

The University seeks to promote the full inclusion of all members and groups in every

aspect of University life.

Mutual respect requires special sensitivity to issues of bias based on personal

characteristics. Expressions of bias directed at individuals or groups undermine the

civility and sense of community on which the well-being of the University depends.

They devalue the distinctive contributions of the individuals affected and impair their

ability to contribute their views and talents to the community and to benefit fully from

participating in it. By alienating those individuals, they harm the whole community. The

University calls on all its members to display the appropriate sensitivity and to

challenge expressions of bias based on personal characteristics whenever they

encounter them.

1.2.2 Discrimination or Harassment (Based on a Protected Characteristic)

Princeton University is committed to creating and maintaining an educational, working,

and living environment free from discrimination and harassment based on a protected

characteristic. Princeton University’s Policy on Discrimination and/or Harassment

prohibits such discrimination and harassment and applies to all members of the

University community.

When the University becomes aware that a member of the University community may

have been subjected to or affected by discriminatory and/or harassing behavior based

on a protected characteristic, the University will take prompt action, including

conducting a review of the matter and, if necessary, an investigation and appropriate

action to stop the discrimination and/or harassment. The action taken by the

University, including any remedial measures, will depend on the particular facts and

circumstances involved.

Protected characteristics

are those personal traits, characteristics and/or beliefs that

are defined by applicable law as protected from discrimination and/or harassment.

They include race, creed, color, sex, gender identity or expression, pregnancy, age,

national origin, ancestry, religion, physical or mental disability, genetic information,

veteran status, marital or domestic partnership status, affectional or sexual orientation,

and/or other characteristics protected by applicable law.

Discrimination

is adverse treatment of an individual based on a protected

characteristic, rather than individual merit. Examples of conduct that can constitute

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 10

discrimination if based on an individual’s protected characteristic include but are not

limited to:

Singling out or targeting an individual for different or less favorable treatment

(e.g., more severe discipline, lower salary increase) because of their protected

characteristic.

Failing or refusing to hire or admit an individual because of their protected

characteristic.

Terminating an individual from employment or an educational program based on

their protected characteristic.

Harassment

is unwelcome verbal or physical behavior which is directed at a person

based on a protected characteristic, when these behaviors are sufficiently severe

and/or pervasive to have the effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual's

educational experience, working conditions or living conditions by creating an

intimidating, hostile, or offensive environment. Examples of conduct that can

constitute harassment if based on an individual’s protected characteristic include but

are not limited to:

Unwelcome jokes or comments about a legally protected characteristic (e.g.,

racial or ethnic jokes).

Disparaging remarks to a person about a legally protected characteristic (e.g.,

negative or offensive remarks or jokes about a person's religion or religious

garments).

Displaying negative or offensive posters or pictures about a legally protected

characteristic.

All communications, including those conveyed electronically, such as by email,

telephone or voicemail, text messaging, social media or other internet use, that

violate this policy.

Retaliation is prohibited against any individual or group of individuals involved in filing a

complaint or report under the Policy on Discrimination and/or Harassment, filing an

external complaint, participating in a disciplinary process, or opposing in a reasonable

manner an action believed to constitute a violation of the policy.

The full text of the Policy on Discrimination and/or Harassment, including examples of

prohibited conduct, resources, and options for addressing concerns, can be viewed

online at:

http://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/policies/policy-

discrimination-andor-harassment

and in an accompanying set of Frequently Asked

Questions:

http://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/faqs

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 11

. Members of the University community are expected to be familiar with and adhere to

the regulations set forth in the policy.

1.2.3 Peaceful Dissent, Protests, and Demonstrations

Free speech and peaceable assembly are basic requirements of the University as a

center for free inquiry and the search for knowledge and insight. These rights involve a

concurrent obligation on the part of all members of the University, guests, and visitors

to maintain on the campus an atmosphere conducive to scholarly pursuits and to

respect the rights of all individuals.

In view of Princeton's obligation to promote the free expression of all views, the

campus is open to any speaker whom students or members of the faculty have invited

and for whom official arrangements to speak have been made with the University. The

right of free speech in a university also includes the right to acts of peaceful dissent,

protests in peaceable assembly, and orderly demonstrations which include picketing

and the distribution of leaflets. These are permitted on the Princeton campus, subject

to approval as to schedule and location, unless, or until, they disrupt regular and

essential operations of the University or significantly infringe on the rights of others,

particularly the right to listen to a speech or lecture.

All individuals and groups planning to engage in activities of the sort described in the

previous paragraph should seek approval from the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate

Students. Locations generally approved for these activities include the following:

The area adjacent to Chancellor Green Center (on the Firestone Library side);

The area in front of Frist Campus Center on the north side, by the Frist "gateway";

The areas to the west and south of Alexander Hall, and to the east of Alexander

Hall, between Stanhope Hall and Morrison Hall;

The area in the vicinity of the east entrance to the University Store;

The area between Whig and Clio halls;

The cobblestone area between Firestone Library and Washington Road;

The area in the vicinity of the arch near the entrance to McCosh Hall, Room 50;

Scudder Plaza at Robertson Hall;

The area adjacent to Shapiro Walk between the Department of Computer Science

and Mudd Manuscript Library;

The walkway in front of Nassau Hall;

The area in the vicinity of the north entrance to Jadwin Gymnasium.

In asking groups and individuals to seek prior approval for schedule and location, the

University's goal is not to restrict free speech or peaceable assembly. Rather, it is to

give the University the opportunity to provide space that accommodates the

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 12

reasonable needs of both the University community and those engaged in acts of

speech or protest. The University reserves the right to determine the time, place, and

manner of all such activities.

Whenever appropriate, the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students, with

assistance from and in consultation with the Department of Public Safety, will

designate clearly marked areas for protests and demonstrations from among the list

that appears above. In addition to those on this list, other locations may be designated

because of particular circumstances associated with a protest or demonstration (for

example, to schedule a protest in the vicinity of a campus public lecture held in a

location not near those on the list). To the extent practicable, the marked areas will be

within reasonable sight and sound of the speaker's and the audience's ingress to and

egress from the location of the event. The University reserves the right to refuse

permission to use a particular area for protests or demonstrations, including those on

the designated area list. When such a decision is reached, the University will provide

reasons when asked.

It is a violation of these policies whenever any individual prevents, or willfully attempts

to prevent, the orderly conduct of a University function or activity, such as lectures,

meetings, interviews, ceremonies, and public events; or blocks, or willfully attempts to

block, the legitimate activities of any person on the campus or in any University

building or facility.

Whenever a member of the University community, that is a member of the faculty, staff,

or student body, violates these policies, that individual may be subject to University-

imposed sanctions, including being barred from campus and/or arrest. Whenever a

nonmember of the University community violates these policies, that individual may be

barred from campus and/or arrest. Decisions to invoke University disciplinary action or

arrest in the course of a protest or demonstration will be made after due warning and,

wherever possible, such decisions will be made by officers of the University (see the

Bylaws of the Board of Trustees

All members of the press and media, both those affiliated with the University and those

with no affiliation to the University, are fully subject to these provisions unless special

arrangements for press coverage have been authorized by the University's Office of

Communications. Ordinarily, arrangements of some kind to permit press coverage will

be made when circumstances allow, and will be administered by the Office of

Communications.

More detailed information about University policies and practices pertaining to

Peaceful Dissent, Protests, and Demonstrations can be found on the

website

https://odus.princeton.edu/protests

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 13

1.2.4 Distribution of Written Materials by Members of the University

Community

Free inquiry, free expression, and civility within this academic community are

indispensable to the University's objectives. Inclusion of the name, telephone number,

and/or email address of the University sponsoring organization or individual member

of the University community on material resembling petitions, posters, leaflets

distributed on campus, including materials disseminated using campus information

technology resources or University internet access is encouraged, since such

attribution promotes and facilitates civility as well as vigorous debate in the academic

community. Anonymous public postings without sponsorship of a registered University

organization or individual shall be removed or deleted if a complaint by a member of

the University is lodged with the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students or the

Office of the Dean of the Graduate School.

Posting of Notices

Posters or notices of any kind may be affixed only to bulletin boards in dormitory

entryways, food service units, academic and administration buildings, and outdoor

kiosks, lampposts, and bulletin boards. Individuals are encouraged to remove outdated

material from kiosks and bulletin boards rather than postering over existing notices.

1.2.5 Personal Safety

Actions that threaten or endanger in any way the personal safety or security of others

will be regarded as serious offenses.

The following offenses will be regarded as extremely serious:

1. Deliberate participation in a riot or general disturbance that threatens the safety, or

seriously threatens the property, of either University members or members of the

local community.

2. Intimidation by violence, by a threat of violence, or by property damage, which

seeks to interfere with the free expression of ideas, or attempts to punish such free

expression.

3. The possession, storing, or use on campus (including in any University housing) of

(a) firearms (including antique firearms and imitation firearms); (b) any guns that

shoot projectiles (including paintball, BB, air); (c) ammunition for any firearm; or (d)

any explosive or incendiary device (including firecrackers and other fireworks). The

use of prop guns in theatrical productions and the like requires advance written

permission from the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students. (Easily

identifiable toys, such as brightly colored or clear water guns, are not covered by

this provision.)

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 14

4. The possession of weapons or the use or threatened use of weapons or objects

capable of being used as weapons. (Students may possess small pocket-knives or

kitchen implements and may use them for their intended purposes only.)

5. Any physical assault committed in the course of any University function or activity,

or on the premises of the University or in the local vicinity, especially when

unprovoked and/or when injury results.

6. Any other act that seriously endangers human life, or threatens serious physical or

psychological injury.

1.2.6 Programs Involving Minors

The University is dedicated to the welfare and safety of all individuals who participate

in its programs and activities, with particular concern for minors, who are defined as

individuals who are under the age of 18 years old and are not a matriculated college

student at Princeton University or elsewhere. Members of the University community

who interact with minors are expected to be acquainted with and abide by the

University’s Policy for Programs Involving Minors. For more information about this

policy, see the following website:

https://minorsoncampus.princeton.edu

1.2.7 Quiet

Activities that take place in the vicinity of University residences, classrooms, the library,

the chapel, and similar facilities must be conducted in such a way as to respect the

necessity for maintaining a reasonable degree of quiet in such areas. (See "Noise"

under

section 2.2.1

for more information.)

1.2.8 TigerCards (ID Cards) and Other Identification

TigerCards are issued to eligible members of the University community and are

intended for campus use only. Members of the community are asked to carry their

cards while on campus. TigerCards are non-transferable and must be presented on

request to authorized University representatives. TigerCards should not be lent or given

to others even for short periods of time.

Possession, manufacture, sale, use, or transfer of false identification of any sort is a

violation of the law and of University policy.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 15

1.3 Title IX Sexual Harassment and University Sexual

Misconduct

Princeton University does not tolerate sexual misconduct, including sexual harassment.

Such conduct is harmful to the well-being of our community members, our learning and

working environments, and the collegial relationships among students, faculty, and

staff that characterize the culture of Princeton.

The Title IX Sexual Harassment policy is based on definitions set forth in regulations

promulgated by the U.S. Department of Education under Title IX of the Education

Amendments Act of 1972, and Title IX Sexual Harassment policy limits the scope of

Title IX Sexual Harassment to, among other things, conduct that occurs within the

United States and conduct that occurs within the University’s education program or

activity. The full text of the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy, including examples of

prohibited conduct, resources, and options for addressing concerns, can be viewed

online at

http://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/policies/title-ix-sexual-

harassment-policy

. Members of the University community are expected to be familiar with and adhere to

the regulations set forth in this policy.

In order to address incidents of sexual misconduct that do not fall within the definition

of Title IX Sexual Harassment, the University has two policies that address sexual

misconduct: (1) the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy and (2) the University Sexual

Misconduct policy. These policies are interrelated and must be read together.

The University Sexual Misconduct policy applies only to certain conduct, as defined

under that policy. Specifically, the University Sexual Misconduct policy applies to forms

of sexual misconduct that do not fall under the scope of the Title IX Sexual

Harassment policy, including sexual exploitation, improper conduct related to sex, and

University sexual harassment. The University Sexual Misconduct policy also applies to

certain contact that would otherwise be prohibited under the Title IX Sexual

Harassment policy (e.g., sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and

stalking under the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy), but which must be dismissed

under the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy because they do not meet the jurisdictional

requirements. The full text of the University Sexual Misconduct policy, including

examples of prohibited conduct, resources, and options for addressing concerns, can

be viewed online at

http://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-

concerns/policies/university-sexual-misconduct-policy

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 16

. Members of the University community are expected to be familiar with and adhere to

the regulations set forth in this policy.

The University will respond to reports or formal complaints of conduct prohibited under

the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy and the University Sexual Misconduct policy with

measures designed to stop the prohibited conduct, prevent its recurrence, and

remediate any adverse effects of such conduct on campus or in University-related

programs or activities.

The University will not deprive an individual of rights guaranteed under federal and

state law (or federal and state anti-discrimination provisions; or federal and state law

prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex) when responding to any claim of Title IX

Sexual Harassment or University Sexual Misconduct.

1.4 The University, the Law, and Property Rights

Members of the University community are expected to act with respect for the safety,

personal rights, and property of individuals and groups both within and outside the

University, and in accordance with local, state, and federal laws. Some laws, such as

those governing equal opportunity and nondiscrimination, underlie fundamental

University policy and have been discussed previously in this document. Principles and

laws of particular importance to our academic community are discussed below.

1.4.1 On-Campus Misconduct and the Law

On-campus misconduct by members of the University will normally result in internal

disciplinary action, although in some instances the University may deem it necessary to

call upon external authorities and to file charges or claims in the courts. In particular,

misconduct by members of the University or others that inflicts or threatens to inflict

personal injury or serious damage to property, that severely impairs essential functions

of the University, or that cannot be adequately handled by the University Department of

Public Safety, may require the intervention of outside authorities. Outside authorities

typically will be called only by a senior officer of the University or a specifically

designated representative. In addition to the president and the provost, authorized

senior officers include the dean of the faculty, the dean of the Graduate School, the

dean of the college, the vice president for campus life, the executive vice president, the

executive director of the Department of Public Safety, and the general counsel.

Persons on Leave of Absence; Persons Who Are Not Members of the

University

1. Allegations of on-campus misconduct by persons who are, for whatever reason,

withdrawn, suspended, whose degrees have been withheld, or on leave of absence

from the University will be evaluated before these persons may resume their status

as regular members of the University. In these instances, such persons will be

granted the right to a full hearing or adjudication process by the appropriate

University judicial body with respect to the allegations related to them. The results

of such a hearing/process may have an effect upon their reinstatement as

members of the University community or upon the granting of their degree.

2. Incidents involving persons not subject to University discipline cannot always be

handled by the University Department of Public Safety and may require the calling

of outside authorities (under the conditions of the paragraph under On-Campus

Misconduct and the Law). When persons who are not members of the University

engage in serious misconduct on the campus, the University has no recourse but

to press charges against them in the courts. (Members of the University involved in

such cases, when their conduct is in violation of the law, cannot be guaranteed

immunity either from arrest or prosecution.)

1.4.2 Off-Campus Misconduct

While the University does not impose disciplinary penalties for misconduct off campus

beyond the local vicinity or unassociated with a University-sponsored program or

activity there are exceptions (for example, where such misconduct may pose a safety

risk on campus or may have a continuing adverse effect or create a hostile

environment on campus). Judgments about these matters will depend on the facts of

an individual case. Note: All actions by a member of the Princeton University

community that involve the use of the University's computing and network resources

from a remote location, including but not limited to accessing email accounts, will be

deemed to have occurred on campus.

1.4.3 Violations of Local, State, Federal, or International Law

Violations of local, state, or federal laws (or international laws, where applicable) by

members of the University community may put the individual in personal legal jeopardy.

Also, they may trigger University disciplinary action regardless of where such violations

occur, particularly if they are of a serious nature and clearly violate University standards

of conduct.

The University will not seek special immunity for its members if they come in conflict

with the local, state or federal laws (or international laws, where applicable). However,

the University's Office of General Counsel will, if asked, offer the names of attorneys in

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 18

the event a community member desires to engage counsel upon being charged with a

violation of the law. (Students should also consult

section 2.2.13

"Legal Assistance.")

Individuals who contemplate actions that may be deemed illegal should be aware that

they risk harm both to their own reputations and to that of the University, and should

deliberate seriously and seek to reach an informed decision before acting. Even in

situations where members of the University community seek advice from University

representatives, responsibility for individual actions rests with the person or persons

involved.

1.4.4 University Discipline and the Courts

When members of the University are faced with court proceedings for offenses

committed either on or off the campus, and when University disciplinary proceedings

are also appropriate, the University will normally make its own determinations promptly,

whether or not court action has been brought to a conclusion.

1.4.5 University Safety, Security, and Law Enforcement

1. The University Department of Public Safety (DPS) serves to protect the rights,

safety, and security of members of the University community. The department

works in conjunction with the local municipal police departments, as well as state

and federal law enforcement agencies, to provide general law enforcement

services to the University community.

2. The Department of Public Safety consists of uniformed, commissioned officers

(University police officers) who have the powers of arrest, and non-commissioned

uniformed security officers who provide general security services. The Department

of Public Safety's University police officers have the authority of commissioned

police officers with full power of arrest deriving their law enforcement authority

from New Jersey statutes and the Trustees of Princeton University. New Jersey

statute Title 18A, Section 6-4.5 provides that the University police officers "shall

possess all the powers of policemen and constables in criminal cases and

offenses against the law anywhere in the State of New Jersey [including the

powers of arrest], pursuant to any limitations as may be imposed by the governing

body of the institution which appointed and commissioned the person."

3. University police officers have a major responsibility for ensuring that members of

the University observe the basic standards of conduct and respect the specific

University regulations and state and local laws. University police officers are also

responsible for assisting members of the campus community in emergency

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 19

situations, as well as in their routine community caretaking duties. In interactions

with representatives of the Department of Public Safety, individuals are expected to

comply with the requests and/or instructions of University police officers.

4. In addition, the Department of Public Safety has a Communications Center with

certified dispatchers responsible for emergency communications 24 hours a day, 7

days a week, and the Fire Marshal's Office responsible for enforcement of the New

Jersey Fire Code and conducting fire inspections of all University-owned buildings

in accordance with state code. Failure to cooperate or behave in a straightforward

manner with a University police officer, fire marshal, or security officer may result in

disciplinary action.

Official Scheduled Inspection

Public health, public safety, and fire officials may conduct routine safety inspections of

residence hall rooms and storage areas. These inspections can result in University

sanctions for any student who is found to be responsible for violations of RRR policy.

Emergency Entries

The standard privacy rights set forth in University policies may be suspended in

emergency situations where the safety of members of our campus community is at

risk (e.g., serious criminal incidents; fires, floods, or similar disasters; and fire alarms).

1.4.6 Regulations Regarding Security and Prior Restraint

Security Measures

Security measures taken at on-campus events must be adequate to provide for the

maintenance of order and to ensure the safety of those attending or participating.

Within the University, the dean of undergraduate students, the dean of the Graduate

School, and the executive director of the Department of Public Safety are primarily

responsible for deciding whether security measures are necessary for a given event

and for making appropriate arrangements. In consultation with sponsors of the event,

they will make security arrangements which involve minimal interference with the

scheduled event and with the privacy and freedom of those attending.

Prior Restraint

1. Normal access to facilities of the University and normal activities within the

University should be restricted only in circumstances that affect the health and

well-being of persons, that seriously threaten physical safety, that impair or

seriously threaten to impair the ability of the University to carry on its essential

operations, or that threaten serious damage to University property. Except in

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 20

circumstances of very grave dangers of these kinds, restraint will be invoked only

by the president or a representative, or by a senior officer of the University

authorized by the president.

2. "Normal access" shall be construed in this context within the following conditions

and limitations:

a. Normal access to physical facilities is governed by existing practices and

policies defining hours of operation, and categories and numbers of persons to

be admitted in given circumstances.

b. Any University organization has the right to restrict attendance at any of its

meetings to members and their invited guests; nonmembers have no normal

right of access to such activities.

3. The imposition of a physical search of persons attending a University event as a

condition for their entry to the event will be authorized only under the most extreme

circumstances. A decision to authorize such a search will be taken only when the

following conditions are met:

a. Either the sponsors of the event, the Department of Public Safety, or other law

enforcement authorities judge such a search to be essential to the safety of

those participating or attending and request authorization from the president

of the University.

b. It is the judgment of the president, in consultation with the University's legal

counsel, that the search is legal as essential to the safety of those

participating or attending.

When a search has been authorized, steps will be taken to ensure that those who do

not wish to be searched have the opportunity to leave without being searched.

Whenever possible, the fact that a search will be conducted will be publicized well in

advance of the event. All such searches will be conducted by the Department of Public

Safety or contractors hired by DPS unless others, similarly accountable to the

University or legally authorized, are requested by the president to act on behalf of the

University.

For further information concerning University security policy for persons who are not

members of the University community, see

section 3.3

1.4.7 Property

Members of the University community are expected to act with a considerate regard for

the property of the University itself or individual persons. Examples of offenses that will

be regarded as serious are:

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 21

1. Willful or reckless damage, vandalism, or destruction of the property of others, or

of the University, including the deliberate defacement of library materials, buildings,

sidewalks (including chalking), walls, or trees. In addition to whatever disciplinary

consequence is imposed, the penalty for willful or reckless damage or vandalism

will ordinarily include restitution for replacement or repair.

2. The deliberate setting of fires, unless approved, including bonfires, on University

property, even in cases in which there is no deliberate endangerment of human life.

Prior approval for bonfires must be granted by Grounds and Building Maintenance,

the Department of Public Safety, and the local fire official acting in consultation

with the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students or the Office of the Dean of

the Graduate School, as may be appropriate.

3. Theft, unauthorized borrowing or misappropriation of money, property or services,

or attempt to commit theft or conspiracy to commit theft.

4. The unauthorized or fraudulent use of the University's telephone system. Users of

the limited-access telephone system are expected to be aware of, and to adhere to,

the guidelines established by the Telecommunications Office.

5. Unauthorized occupancy of University residential units or other University spaces.

1.4.8 Library Use

Because the Library is uniquely important to the University, members of the University

community are expected to act with particularly considerate regard for the security of

the collections. Insofar as these collections play a crucial role in supporting the highest

standards of academic excellence, the regulations governing Library use require

special attention. The theft or defacement of Library materials runs counter to the

Library's mission to ensure continuing access to the world's intellectual and cultural

heritage, and will not be tolerated. Similarly, misuse of Library electronic resources is

not acceptable. Such acts will be viewed as very serious offenses; students should

understand that their status in the University may be jeopardized by infractions of this

nature. For other information about the Library visit:

http://library.princeton.edu

1.4.9 Computer and Network Use

Princeton University makes available to its community members electronic and digital

data and network resources, including shared information technology resources that

use text, voice, images, and video to deliver information. These resources are to be

used in a manner consistent with University policy and the law.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 22

All uses of the University’s information technology and network resources, whether

administered centrally by the Office of Information Technology (OIT) or by individual

departments, are subject to the regulations and policies set forth in “Acceptable Use

Policy for Princeton University Information Technology and Digital Resources” and its

“Guidelines for Compliance” (

www.princeton.edu/itpolicy

) and the “Policy on Access to Accounts and Information”

(

www.princeton.edu/oit/policies/access-accounts

). These policies provide information regarding appropriate, respectful and civil use of

the resources in keeping with University standards, and regarding laws (including

digital resources and network access, and also explain when the University can access,

preserve, and review information created, transmitted, or stored in or with its IT

systems by individuals. Members of the University community are expected to be

familiar with and adhere to these policies.

The University anticipates that faculty and staff will conduct University businesses

using the IT systems and resources provided by the University. To the extent faculty

and staff conduct University business using personal devices or accounts, data stored

in those devices and accounts may be subject to legal holds (i.e., a requirement to

preserve relevant information) and the users may be legally obligated to produce such

data under federal or state law or rules, or pursuant to subpoenas, court orders or

discovery obligations in a pending or reasonably anticipated legal proceeding.

Members of the University community who engage in any illegal or fraudulent use of

the University’s information technology resources, including infringement of copyright-

protected materials, or violate University policy or Information Security Office guidance

in connection with such use, may be subject to disciplinary action, including the

termination or suspension of network privileges.

Regulations governing use of the University’s name and property (see

section 1.4.11

), the tax-exempt status of the University and political activities (see

section 1.5

), and community use of University resources (see

section 3.1

) also apply to use of the University’s information technology resources.

Members of the University community may not use University IT and network resources

for commercial (including consulting) purposes; rather, they should use information

technology resources, internet service providers, and computer hosts outside the

University.

1.4.10 Patent and Copyright Policies

The University's policies concerning intellectual property are intended to further its

central mission—the sustained production, preservation, and dissemination of

knowledge—while exercising due care for its fiduciary responsibility for the resources it

administers. To that end, faculty members grant to the Trustees of Princeton University

a non-exclusive license in scholarly articles, provided the articles are not sold by the

University for a profit. Moreover, the University may record and broadcast activities on

campus and University-sponsored activities off campus, including public lectures as

well as musical, dramatic, or other artistic performances, academic pursuits, campus

life, and casual and portrait photography or film, and retain copies of such recordings

for archival, academic, and other non-commercial purposes that advance the

University's mission. The University Research Board (URB) is responsible for the

general oversight and administration of the University's Patent and Copyright policies

as regards the University, its faculty, employees, students, and outside sponsors. The

dean for research is responsible for the implementation of the Patent Policy and

Licensing is responsible for providing management of copyrights and licensing

services for the University community. The Office of Technology Licensing is also

responsible for the University’s Technology Transfer Program, providing management

of inventions and patenting and licensing services for inventions developed by

members of the University community. For information about the Patent Policy and the

Rules & Procedures

of the Faculty,

available at

https://dof.princeton.edu/rules-and-procedures

. For information about the Open Access Policy, see

https://dof.princeton.edu/policies-

procedure/policies/open-access

1.4.11 Princeton University Name, Marks, and Seal

No individual or organization may use Princeton University’s name, seal, logos,

restricted images, or other identifiers (“marks”), or any marks that suggest Princeton

University or any Princeton University organization, except to the extent such individual

or organization has been authorized by the proper University officials or as permitted

under trademark law. The vice president for communications and public affairs is

responsible for the general oversight and administration of the University’s trademark

policies. The Office of Trademark Licensing is responsible for maintaining, managing,

and licensing the University’s marks.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 24

The use of the seal of the University on publications, manufactured articles, and the like

is prohibited, except when specifically authorized by the University. Applications for

such authorization must be made to the Secretary of the University.

Regulations relating to the tax-exempt status of the University and political activities

(see

section 1.5

) also apply to the use of the name, marks, and seal of the University.

1.5 Guidelines Relating to the Tax-Exempt Status of the

University and Political Activities

1.5.1 Introduction

A basic responsibility of the University is to protect its educational function and the

resources accumulated over many years through the generosity of alumni and other

friends of the University. There is a close interrelationship between maintenance of the

legal status of the University as a tax-exempt institution and fidelity to the educational

purposes for which it is chartered and for which it enjoys tax exemption.

No less fundamental is the opportunity for all members of the University community to

exercise their prerogatives as citizens and engage in civic activities. While in some

ways distinct, this concern also relates in important ways to the educational mission of

the University. A basic principle of a residential university, such as Princeton, is that the

education in the classroom is complemented and strengthened by the many

opportunities for personal development and growth in the residential community. For

this reason, Princeton University has over many years provided facilities for, and

encouragement to, members of the University community who wish to pursue varied

talents and interests beyond the classroom. The result is a wide variety of existing

campus organizations, including political organizations of various sorts, publications,

pre-professional associations, musical and theatrical groups, intercollegiate and

intramural athletic teams, debating societies, and so on.

Encouragement of an interest in public affairs and the furtherance of a sense of social

responsibility have long been considered important elements of a liberal arts

education. The University continues to consider self-chosen participation in political

and social action by individuals and groups to be a valuable part of the educational

experience it seeks to encourage. Such activities on the part of individuals or groups do

not, and should not be taken to, imply commitment of the University to any partisan

political position or point of view.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 25

To serve these objectives, the following guidelines have been developed. The

guidelines are believed to be consonant with the traditional role of the University and to

be in keeping with relevant laws.

1.5.2 Guidelines

Members of the University community, as individuals, have the right to exercise their

full freedom of expression and association (see

section 1.1.3

). Under federal law, however, the University may not "participate in, or intervene in any

political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to) any candidate for [any] public

office" and "no substantial part of the activities" of the University may be directed to

influencing legislation (i.e., lobbying) (Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code).

The University, including its respective offices and academic departments, may not

endorse, or provide or solicit financial or other support for, candidates for public office

or partisan political organizations. These prohibitions apply as well to campus-based

organizations. Therefore:

1. Campus-based organizations which devote no more than an "insubstantial" part of

their activities to influencing legislation may be recognized by the University.

a. Such recognized organizations will have free use of University facilities and

will be eligible to receive University funding.

b. Such organizations will not be permitted to use University funds to influence

legislation and will not be permitted to solicit tax-deductible contributions

using the University's name.

2. Campus-based organizations which devote a "substantial" part of their activities to

influencing legislation or that participate or intervene in a political campaign on

behalf of any candidate for public office may be recognized by the University.

a. Such organizations may use University facilities free of charge for

organizational meetings.

b. Such organizations may use University facilities free of charge to present

lectures, seminars, and similar programs which are open to the entire campus

community and which provide opportunity for discussion and questioning.

c. Such organizations will be charged for use of facilities for the appearance of

political candidates which are closed events or which do not provide an

opportunity for questioning. Other candidates for the same political office

must be given the opportunity to appear in an equivalent venue on an

equivalent basis.

d. Such organizations cannot use University facilities for the purpose of

fundraising for a political candidate or organization or in order to establish a

campaign headquarters.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 26

e. Such organizations will not receive funds from the University.

f. Such organizations are prohibited from using the University's name to solicit

tax-deductible charitable contributions.

3. While the University's name has traditionally been used in limited ways for

purposes of identification by individuals and/or organizations connected with the

University, individuals and groups must take special care to make it clear that when

expressing political views they are speaking only for themselves and not for the

University.

4. All campus space and facility assignments are made by the Office of the Provost.

Requests by campus-based organizations for the assignment of space or a facility

must be submitted for processing to the Office of Design and Construction.

(Student organizations should submit their requests through the Office of the Dean

of Undergraduate Students or the Office of the Dean of the Graduate School.)

5. Any non-campus-based organization wishing to use University space or a facility

must obtain permission through the Office of Conference and Event Services. The

organization concerned will be required to pay a reasonable rental charge for the

use and to bear the cost of any unusual janitorial or other related expenses.

Generally, non-campus-based organizations that are not charitable in nature will

not be permitted to use University space or facilities for fundraising purposes.

6. The University's resources, including but not limited to its name, seal, funds, space,

facilities, communications systems (e.g., mail systems and privileges, phone

systems, information technology resources, internet access, etc.), contact lists,

supplies, equipment, and sales and use tax exemptions, are intended to serve the

educational, research, and administrative needs of the University.

a. It is proper for the University's resources to be used for bona fide academic

research that may include projects related to current political issues and to the

positions taken by various candidates for public office. Research of this kind,

so long as it is consistent with accepted academic canons, may use centrally

provided resources or, with appropriate approval, departmental resources.

With departmental authorization, such research also may incur related charges

against departmental accounts.

b. Studies which in and of themselves might be bona fide academic research

might also be designed for partisan political purposes. The University's

resources cannot be used for such work nor to advance other causes not

directly related to the mission of the University, unless it is paid for from non-

University funds and at the regular rate plus the standard surcharge applicable

to such work.

c. The University may provide space or facilities at a reasonable charge to groups

that conduct political campaign activities, but only if the University offers the

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 27

use of equivalent space or facilities on an equivalent basis to groups

conducting campaign activities for other candidates for the same office, as

well as to non-political groups.

7. Campus-based organizations claiming national or regional status must base off

campus the portion of their activities that involve or employ people not members

of the Princeton University community. Such organizations must also use off-

campus mail addresses and non-University resources for non-University activities.

8. Faculty, staff, and students have an obligation to fulfill all of their normal

responsibilities at the University, and while they are free to engage in political and

civic activities, such activities must not be at the expense of the University or their

responsibilities at the University.

9. Any visit, communication (whether oral, written, or electronic), or related activity

(e.g., preparation, research, or other background work) that could be construed as

a faculty or staff member or student engaging in lobbying activity on behalf of the

University must be coordinated through the Office of Government Affairs

10. Campus-based organizations, no less than other organizations, should realize that

they are subject to local, state, and federal laws and that they bear responsibility

for compliance with these laws.

Questions about these guidelines should be directed to the Office of the Dean of

Undergraduate Students, the Graduate School, or the Office of the General Counsel.

1.6 Health and Safety Policies

1.6.1 Drugs

State Laws

New Jersey state law classifies heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, LSD, marijuana, and

hashish, among other substances, as "controlled dangerous substances." [N.J.S.A. §

2C:35-2] The possession, use, sale, or manufacture of such substances may be subject

to mandatory penalties. References to current laws may be consulted at the Office of

Public Safety. (New Jersey law does provide some immunity for those who seek

immediate medical assistance on behalf of themselves or others in drug overdose

situations.)

University Policy Concerning Marijuana and/or Cannabis

Federal law and University policy prohibit the possession, use, or distribution of

marijuana and cannabis on University property, including for medical purposes. (This

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 28

remains the case even though New Jersey has legalized the sale and possession of

cannabis[1] to persons over the age of 21.) Thus, the possession or use of marijuana

and cannabis remains prohibited on University property or as part of a University

activity. There is a limited exception for a pre-approved, qualified research project,

consistent with state and federal law.

[1] “Cannabis” means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not, the seeds

thereof, and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant or

its seeds, except those containing resin extracted from the plant, which are cultivated and, when

applicable, manufactured for use in cannabis products as set forth in the New Jersey Cannabis

Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act. Under New Jersey law,

“cannabis” is separately defined from marijuana as defined in N.J.S.A. § 2C:35-2.

University Policy Concerning Controlled Substances

The University prohibits the unlawful manufacture, dispensation, possession, use, or

distribution of a controlled substance of any kind in any amount on University property,

or while in the conduct of University business away from the campus. This prohibition

includes the manufacture, dispensation, possession, use, or distribution of prescription

drugs without a prescription. Penalties for these acts will be administered by the

appropriate University administrator or committee, and in accordance with rules and

procedures administered by them (for the faculty and other academic staffs, the Office

of the Dean of the Faculty; for graduate students, the Office of the Dean of the Graduate

School; for undergraduates, the Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students; and for

administrators and staff, the Office of the Vice President for Human Resources).

Penalties range from warning to permanent separation from the University depending

on the seriousness of the infraction and the degree to which violation of the policy

adversely affects the well-being of the community or the fulfillment of the University's

educational mission.

Violations of local ordinances or of state or federal laws regarding controlled

dangerous substances by members of the University community may entail criminal

charges and University disciplinary actions regardless of where such violations occur, if

they are of a serious nature. The manufacture, sale, or distribution of controlled

substances, any involvement in controlled substances use or traffic with minors, and

possession or use of the more dangerous or highly addictive drugs, are all considered

serious offenses and will be handled accordingly. Depending on the particular

circumstances, continued association with the University by violators of this policy may

be made contingent upon satisfactory participation in a drug abuse assistance or

rehabilitation program.

It is also University policy, in accordance with the Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988,

that all employees, including work-study employees, as a condition of employment on

projects supported out of federal funds, abide by this University policy regarding

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 29

controlled substances and notify the University within five (5) days of any criminal drug

statute conviction for a violation occurring at the workplace.

All members of the University community should be aware that New Jersey State law

prohibits the illegal possession, use, sale, or manufacture of controlled substances and

drug paraphernalia and that violators may be subject to criminal charges as well as

mandatory penalties in addition to University disciplinary action. Federal law also

provides for loss of certain federal benefits (including student loans and research

grants) for conviction under any criminal drug statute. More information about New

Jersey and federal drug laws may be obtained at the Department of Public Safety, or

the Office of the General Counsel.

1.6.2 Alcoholic Beverages

Members of the Princeton University community are expected to be acquainted with

and to abide by both state and University regulations regarding the consumption of

alcohol. They are also expected to be aware of the social, physiological, and

psychological consequences of excessive drinking in order to make responsible and

informed decisions about the serving and consumption of alcohol. The University

provides regular educational programs on alcohol and drug abuse as well as

counseling services.

The University alcoholic beverage policy is designed to be consistent with the laws of

the State of New Jersey, which, in general, prohibit the consumption and serving of

alcoholic beverages by and to persons under 21 years of age. The policy also reflects

the need for mutual respect and personal responsibility within a diverse community.

Under no circumstances will the consumption of alcohol constitute a mitigating

circumstance when it contributes to the violation of University regulations. Alcoholic

beverages will not normally be provided at University events where persons under the

legal drinking age for consumption of alcoholic beverages are present, including those

sponsored by the University, the residential colleges, the University centers, the

Undergraduate Student Government, and the classes. (See

section 2.2.9

in the Orange Pages for a more detailed description of the alcohol policy.)

1.6.3 Smoking

Smoking and/or vaping is prohibited by law and by University policy in all workplaces,

places of public access in University buildings, and outdoor spaces within 25 feet of all

such buildings, including but not limited to all academic, residential, and administrative

buildings and elevators; individual offices and rooms; athletic sporting facilities;

spectator areas at outdoor University events; University-owned vehicles, shuttle buses,

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 30

and vans; dining facilities and bars; theaters and concert halls; partially enclosed areas

such as archways, weather protected ramps, and tents; and outdoor dining areas. As

per New Jersey regulations, this prohibition extends to e-cigarettes. All smoking

materials must be disposed of in appropriate receptacles. Questions, concerns, or

complaints about smoking on campus should be directed to the Office of

Environmental Health and Safety. For more information about this policy, see the

following website:

https://ehs.princeton.edu/health-safety-the-campus-

community/smoking-campus

1.6.4 Public Health

All members of the University community are expected to follow all applicable federal,

state, and local laws and executive orders designed to safeguard public health. The

University may also implement a range of policies, guidelines, and protocols, temporary

and/or long-term, for the University community to safeguard public health. See the

University’s Communicable Disease Policy:

https://ehs.princeton.edu/Communicable-

Disease-Policy

1.7 Resolution of Complaints against Members of the

University Community

1.7.1 Informal Procedures

The University encourages open and honest communication between members of the

community. Most conflicts and differences of opinion between members of the

University community can be resolved by the individuals directly confronting issues and

jointly exploring alternatives. In addition, there are a variety of resources available to

individuals who may be called upon to assist in informal conflict resolution. These are,

in the case of students and faculty: the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, the Office of

the Dean of Undergraduate Students, and the Office of the Dean of the Graduate

School, and, in the case of staff: a supervisor or department head, the human

resources representative, and the Employee Assistance Program counselor. All

members of the community also can contact the director for institutional equity and

EEO or the Title IX coordinator for concerns or complaints relating to harassment and

discrimination. Additional resources include: the SHARE director for cases relating to

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 31

sexual misconduct, and the University ombudsperson. (For information regarding the

informal resolution process for matters falling under the Title IX Sexual Harassment

policy or the University Sexual Misconduct policy, see

Appendices B

of the Title IX Sexual Harassment policy and University Sexual Misconduct policy).

1.7.2 Formal Procedures

In cases where conflicts cannot be mutually resolved, the University has established

formal complaint procedures. For further information, students should consult the

Orange Pages (sections

2.5

and

2.6.7

). Faculty, administrators, and staff should consult their applicable policy manuals.

1.7.3 Protection from Retaliation

The University expressly prohibits any form of retaliatory action against any member of

the University community who in good faith: (1) files a report, complaint, or grievance

under University policy (or with an external entity); (2) opposes in a reasonable manner

an action or policy believed to constitute a violation of University policy; or (3)

participates in University investigations, compliance reviews, or discipline proceedings

under University policy.

Depending on the circumstances referenced above, retaliatory acts may include (but

are not limited to): adverse employment action; adverse action relating to participation

in an educational or work-related program; unreasonably interfering with the academic

or professional career of another individual; engaging in efforts to have others engage

in retaliatory behavior on one’s behalf.

1.7.4 Academic Matters

An undergraduate student with a grievance should first bring it to the attention of the

faculty member(s) involved. If the grievance cannot be resolved in this way, the student

should discuss the matter with the chair of the relevant department. If the student feels

that a satisfactory resolution has not been found, the student may present the

grievance to the dean of the college. The dean of the college resolves all aspects of the

complaint unless the dean determines that the grievance raises issues of faculty

misconduct, in which case the dean should refer those portions of the complaint to the

dean of the faculty. The dean of the faculty renders a decision about issues of faculty

misconduct and may choose to appoint a special committee of faculty to advise with

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 32

regard to resolution of those issues. (A graduate student with a grievance should

consult the procedures under

section 2.6.7

A student who believes their course grade was assigned in error or in a manner not

consistent with the stated grading rubric of the course should begin by talking to the

course instructor. If the matter is not resolved, the next step would be to talk to the

chair of the department (or director of undergraduate studies) or the director of the

program in which the course is offered. If the student wishes to pursue a further

appeal, the situation may be reported to the dean of the college. In exceptional cases,

where these conversations have not yielded a satisfactory understanding, a formal

appeal may be presented to the Faculty Committee on Examinations and Standing. The

Committee will judge grade disputes only on the fairness or consistency of the

instructor’s grading process and will not make an independent assessment of the

quality of the student’s course work. A grade change can be requested by a course

instructor to correct a computational grading error.

Rules and Procedures of the Faculty

provides that the Faculty Advisory Committee on

Policy may hear appeals from decisions of faculty committees made on academic

grounds that directly affect a student's academic standing and for which appeal is not

otherwise provided.

1.7.5 Nonacademic Matters Other Than Sexual Misconduct Involving

Students

In some instances, an alleged infringement upon the rights or sensibilities of an

individual can be discussed among the involved parties. If this is not appropriate or

advisable or does not lead to a satisfactory resolution, the matter should be

immediately brought to the attention of the dean or an associate dean of

undergraduate students or the dean or an associate dean of the Graduate School. If the

matter is not resolved through discussion or through formal action by a dean, a

complaint can be made in accordance with the normal disciplinary procedures

(see

section 2.5

, or, in cases of alleged infringement by graduate students, see

section 2.6.7

If the matter involves alleged discrimination or harassment and is not resolved

informally, then a complaint may be made to the dean or an associate dean of

undergraduate students or the dean or an associate dean of the Graduate School.

(Individuals may elect to submit a complaint utilizing the University's complaint form,

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 33

which may be accessed at

https://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/file-a-

report

.) The dean or associate dean may refer the matter to the appropriate disciplinary

committee or administrator for adjudication in accordance with the normal disciplinary

procedures. (For additional information regarding the student disciplinary process,

including appeal procedures, see

section 2.5

, or, in cases of alleged infringement by graduate students, see

section 2.6.7

1.7.6 Nonacademic Matters Involving Undergraduate Student Organizations

If a grievance cannot be resolved directly with the leadership of the student

organization, a grievance may be brought to the attention of a dean in the Office of the

Dean of Undergraduate Students. The dean may seek advice from the University

Student Life Committee in resolving the matter.

1.7.7 Nonacademic Matters Other Than Sexual Misconduct Regarding

Faculty, Staff, or Administration

In some instances, an individual who has any concern about, or complaint against, a

member of the faculty, staff, or administration regarding nonacademic matters can

discuss the concern or complaint with the individual involved. If this is not appropriate

or advisable, or does not lead to a satisfactory resolution, the person should

immediately, in the case of a faculty member, appeal to the department chair and, in

the case of a member of the University staff or administration, to the appropriate

manager or head of the office. Further appeal, if necessary, may then be made to the

Office of the Dean of the Faculty for matters pertaining to faculty, professional library

staff, and professional research and technical staff, or to the Office of Human

Resources for all other staffs. All complaints will be investigated promptly.

If the matter is such that a direct discussion of it with the individual involved and/or

with the department chair or office head does not seem appropriate (because, for

example, the concern or complaint is of a personal or private nature), an initial

discussion may be sought directly with the Office of the Dean of the Faculty or the

Office of Human Resources, as appropriate.

Concerns or complaints about nonacademic matters can often be resolved on an

informal basis. Whenever an individual wishes to make a formal complaint, however,

that individual should review the appropriate staff rules or handbook and then contact

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 34

the Office of the Dean of the Faculty or the Office of Human Resources to implement

the formal review process.

In cases of alleged discrimination or harassment the individual may wish to first

discuss the problem, in confidence, with the University ombudsperson or other

confidential campus resource. (A full list of campus resources in this context may be

accessed at

https://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/step-step-process

In cases of alleged infringement of the University's policy prohibiting discrimination

and harassment by members of the faculty or other academic staff members

(professional library staff, professional research staff, or professional technical staff),

complaints may be made to the Office of the Dean of the Faculty; in cases of alleged

infringement by members of the administrative and support staff, complaints may be

made to the Vice President for Human Resources or the Director for Institutional Equity

and EEO. (Individuals may elect to submit a complaint utilizing the University's

complaint form, which may be accessed at

https://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/file-a-report

.) The investigating office will conduct a fact-finding inquiry in accordance with the

process set forth in the Policy on Discrimination and/or Harassment. (The full text of

this policy, including investigation and appeal procedures, may be accessed at

https://inclusive.princeton.edu/addressing-concerns/policies/policy-discrimination-

andor-harassment

1.8 The Council of the Princeton University Community

(CPUC)

In May 1969, a Special Committee on the Structure of the University, chaired by

Professor Stanley Kelley Jr., proposed the establishment of a Council of the Princeton

University Community as "a permanent conference of the representatives of all major

groups of the University" where "they could each raise problems that concern them and

... be exposed to each other's views." The council first met on October 27, 1969.

Typically, it meets six times during the academic year, with special meetings as

needed. Copies of the CPUC Charter are available in the office of the council secretary,

1 Nassau Hall.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 35

1.8.1 Powers

The Council of the Princeton University Community is primarily a deliberative and

consultative body, with authority to:

1. Consider and investigate any question of University policy, any aspect of the

governing of the University, and any general issue related to the welfare of the

University; and to make recommendations regarding any such matters to the

appropriate decision-making bodies of the University or to the appropriate officers

of the University.

2. Make rules regarding the conduct of resident members of the University

community, which rules shall be binding on them; but the council may delegate

authority to make rules, and, with respect to matters mainly of concern to a

particular group within the University community, the authority to make rules shall

normally be delegated to a body representing that group or shall be exercised in a

manner otherwise acceptable to the members of that group.

3. Oversee the making and the applying of rules regarding the conduct of resident

members of the University community, whether such rules shall have been made

by other bodies, by the council itself, or by officers of the University, for the purpose

of ensuring that such rules protect the rights of individuals and the legitimate

interests of the University, and that they are clear in meaning, fair, enforceable, and

in conformity with the law. The council normally would not consider matters

primarily academic in nature.

1.8.2 Membership

Following a series of charter amendments in the fall of 1975, membership of the CPUC

was set at 50, as follows:

Administration.

(6) The president, the provost, and four appointed each year by the

president from among the executive vice president, the vice president for finance

and treasurer, the secretary of the University, the dean of the faculty, the dean of

the Graduate School, the dean of the college, and the vice president for campus

life.

Faculty.

(15) At least two from each division and four nontenured.

Undergraduates.

(12) Including the president and vice president of the

Undergraduate Student Government and 10 undergraduates elected at large from

the student body in April.

Graduate Students.

(7) At least one from each division.

Alumni.

(4) Chosen by the Alumni Council.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 36

Staff.

(7) One each from the professional library staff, the administrative staff, the

professional research staff, the professional specialists, and the office staff, and

two staff members from groups not otherwise represented.

1.8.3 Committees

Much of the work of the Council of the Princeton University Community is conducted

through its standing committees or through such special committees as have been

established from time to time. The standing committees of the CPUC are:

The Executive Committee.

The president of the University is the presiding officer of

the council and of the Executive Ccommittee. The committee has 14 members,

including, in addition to the president, six faculty members (at least one from each

division and one nontenured), three undergraduates (including the chair of the

Undergraduate Student Government), two graduate students, and two members

selected by the council from among the staff and alumni representatives. The

Executive Committee sets the council's agenda, recommends the appointment of

members of council committees, may consider any matter within the jurisdiction of

the council, and serves as an informal advisory body to the president.

The Committee on Rights and Rules.

The Committee on Rights and Rules, on behalf

of the council, considers and investigates the adequacy of all rules regarding the

conduct of resident members of the University community, and the adequacy of

the procedures for making and applying such rules.

The Committee on Governance.

The Committee on Governance, on behalf of the

council, considers and investigates questions relating to the governing of the

University. It also consults with the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees

regarding the filling of vacancies among the charter and term trustees, and meets

with the Committee on Honorary Degrees of the Board of Trustees to consult with

it concerning the awarding of honorary degrees.

The Committee on Priorities.

The Committee on Priorities, which is advisory to the

president, reviews the budget of the University, considers issues that arise in the

course of the preparation of the budget, and reviews plans for the development of

the University. The provost chairs the committee, which also includes the dean of

the faculty, the vice president for finance and treasurer, six faculty members (at

least one from each division and one nontenured), four undergraduates and two

graduate students (chosen with due consideration to the variety of interests

represented in the student body), and one member from one of the other groups

represented on the council.

The Committee on Resources.

The Committee on Resources, on behalf of the

council, considers questions of general policy concerning the procurement and

management of the University's financial resources. This committee concerns

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 37

itself primarily with the University's responsibilities as a stockholder, and typically

considers a number of proxy questions each year.

The Judicial Committee.

The Judicial Committee hears and decides, in the first

instance or on referral by another judicial body of the University, cases that involve

alleged violations of those established rules and regulations of conduct which

apply, in at least substantially the same form, to all resident members of the

University community, and whose violation constitutes a serious infringement of

the recognized rights of members of the University community, a serious offense

against the University's mission, a threat to the ability of the University to carry on

its essential operations, or a substantial impairment of the common and legitimate

interests of the University community. The Judicial Committee also may decide to

hear appeals from persons found guilty of violating established rules and

regulations, when it has been alleged by such persons that the proceedings

against them have not been fair and reasonable, and when another route of appeal

is not otherwise specified.

Appointment to the Judicial Committee is contingent on the appointee's recognition of

the committee's judicial role and a commitment to apply established rules and

regulations impartially to the facts of individual cases. Individuals with responsibilities

for enforcing rules of conduct or for keeping order on campus, as well as holders of

and candidates for certain offices, are excluded from membership. The committee

consists of three faculty members, two undergraduates, one graduate student, one

member from one of the other groups represented on the council, and a chair,

appointed by the president, who votes only in case of a tie. In its report proposing the

establishment of the CPUC, the Kelley Committee expressed its hope that the Judicial

Committee would ensure that members of the University community, if they stand

accused of the same offense and if it is a serious one, will have their cases decided in

accordance with the same interpretation of the rules involved. The procedures of the

Judicial Committee are detailed below.

1.9 The Judicial Committee of the Council of the Princeton

University Community

1.9.1 Powers and Membership

The Judicial Committee of the Council of the Princeton University Community hears

and decides, either in the first instance or on referral from one of the other judicial

bodies, cases that involve alleged violations of those established rules and regulations

whose violation constitutes a serious infringement of the recognized rights of

members of the University community, a serious offense against the University's

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 38

mission, a threat to the ability of the University to carry on its essential operations, or a

substantial impairment of the common and legitimate interests of the University. The

committee also hears and decides appeals from persons found guilty of violations of

rules by other judicial bodies, when such persons have claimed that the procedures

against them have not been fair and reasonable, and when another route of appeal is

not otherwise specified. The committee's members include three members of the

faculty, two undergraduate students, one graduate student, one member from one of

the other groups represented on the council, and a chair who does not vote except in

the case of a tie. The nature and structure of the Judicial Committee ensures that

members of the University community, if they stand accused of the same offense and

if it is a serious one, will have their cases decided in accordance with the same

interpretation of the rules involved. Under previous arrangements, cases of alleged

offenses by undergraduates, graduate students, faculty members, and staff members

were heard by different judicial bodies, and there was no mechanism to prevent the

different judicial bodies from putting quite different constructions on the same rule.

Special judicial bodies and special procedures do, however, remain in existence and

continue to deal with alleged violations of rules which apply only or mainly to some

particular group within the University (e.g., rules governing students, faculty, staff,

Public Safety officers, or administrators). Acts which are an exercise of a function

unique to such a particular group are not subject to the jurisdiction of the Judicial

Committee so long as it would have been reasonable for a person in the circumstances

to have believed that those acts were properly within the scope of the individual's

particular function. Such acts may, however, fall under the jurisdiction of the rule-

applying body or office of the particular group.

1.9.2 General Procedures

1. The procedures of the Judicial Committee, which are outlined below, are designed

to enable the committee to fulfill its charge, and to guarantee to each person

charged the following rights in the interest of ensuring procedural fairness:

a. To receive in writing in advance of a formal hearing a statement of the charges

against the individual, together with a list of the witnesses and of the material

evidence which the person bringing charges intends to make available to the

Judicial Committee.

b. To testify if the individual desires and to answer questions without prejudice

for failure to testify or answer questions.

c. To supply to the committee material evidence and a reasonable number of

witnesses to be called in the individual's own defense.

d. To question all witnesses called by the committee, and to challenge the

evidence.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 39

e. To have an adviser of the individual's choice from the resident members of the

University community at any hearing, open or closed, who may speak on the

individual's behalf.

f. To receive upon request a record of the proceedings at the hearing. The

procedures of the committee also ensure that all persons involved in judicial

hearings have the right to orderly procedures.

Any individual involved in proceedings is entitled to be protected from harassment, or

fear of harassment, by other participants or by observers. In addition, the University

community is entitled to have the triers of fact protected from the influence of threats,

harassment, or unruly mob behavior.

1. The procedures of the Judicial Committee were formulated after consideration of a

multitude of matters, among them the nature of this University community, the role

of the Judicial Committee in the community, procedures of other organizations in

and out of this University which have related interests, procedures in courts of law,

procedures in congressional and other legislative hearings, the needs, the interest,

and the welfare of the individuals who form this community, and the experience of

the committee in its first year of existence. Some aspects of the procedures are

investigative, others are deliberative. They provide the Judicial Committee the

opportunity:

a. to ascertain the facts surrounding an alleged violation of University

regulations;

b. to explore issues related to such charges, in order to determine possible

mitigating circumstances which should be taken into account in the levying of

the penalties, if any.

They aim therefore to facilitate the disposition of matters brought to the Judicial

Committee with the greatest degree of justice and fairness for all concerned. The

committee assumes that all members of the Princeton University community

participating in proceedings will observe generally accepted principles of honesty and

fair play.

1.9.3 Procedure in Cases Not Previously Heard by Another Authority

Charges

a. Persons wishing to place a case before the committee shall file a complaint

with the secretary of the Council of the Princeton University Community within

a reasonable time, stating the nature and circumstances of the alleged

violation of University regulations.

b. The secretary will immediately forward the complaint to the chair of the

committee, who will make a preliminary determination of jurisdiction, subject

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 40

to review by the full committee. The chair may refer the case to another

authority or agree to put the case before the committee.

c. If the case is to come before the committee, the chair will obtain from the

person making the complaint a formal statement of the charges being made

against a specific person or persons, identifying the University regulation or

regulations alleged to have been violated, together with an outline of the case

to be presented.

Notification.

Upon receipt of this information the chair will immediately send a

copy of the information described in the paragraph above to each person so

charged, informing them of the date and place of a pre-hearing conference, to be

held within one week of the date of the notification.

Pre-hearing conference.

The purposes of the pre-hearing conference are the

following:

a. To give the committee sufficient information for it to determine whether or not

a hearing is necessary to determine the facts. If the matter of jurisdiction is at

issue, and if a hearing is necessary, the determination of jurisdiction will be the

first order of business in the hearing.

b. To make sure that the persons charged fully understand their rights, the

charges against them, and the nature of the supporting evidence.

c. To clarify for all parties the procedures to be followed by the committee in

hearing and deciding upon a case.

d. To determine whether the persons charged wish to request an administrative

determination on the charge. Persons against whom charges have been made

may request, and at its discretion the committee may approve, an

administrative disposition of the case by an appropriate officer of the

University. Under these circumstances the persons charged must sign a

statement indicating that they understand the charges against them and their

right to a hearing before the Judicial Committee, but that they waive this right

and the right to an appeal to the committee. The administrative officer will

dispose of the case, sending to the persons charged and to the committee a

record of the disposition of the case. Administrative disposition of a charge in

no way denies the right of an appeal to the president of the University.

e. To determine whether the persons charged desire an open or a closed hearing

and to discuss the scheduling of the hearing.

f. To determine whether any member of the committee chooses not to hear this

case because the member cannot in good conscience apply established rules

and standards in this case (Charter, 5.6.3). The pre-hearing conference will be

closed. It will be attended by the committee and its staff, the persons charged

or their representative, the persons bringing charges or their representative,

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 41

and any other persons invited by the committee. Each party to the case may be

accompanied by an adviser from within the University community. If after

proper notice the persons charged do not appear, the committee will proceed

to make its own determination in the case. At least three members of the

committee shall be present. After the pre-hearing conference, the committee

will meet privately to determine on the basis of what it has heard whether a

hearing is required under Section 5.6.1 of the Charter of the Council of the

Princeton University Community and to set a date for the hearing. Parties to

the case will then be informed of the decision of the committee. If the case is

to be heard, the committee will obtain from all parties involved:

a. a list of the witnesses prepared to give testimony if called by the

committee, with an indication of the relevance of the testimony of each to

the charges being made;

b. a description of the material evidence available to the committee, with an

indication of its relevance.

The committee will distribute to all parties involved a list of all witnesses

and material evidence to be presented.

Hearings.

Hearings will be closed unless the persons being charged request an

open hearing. At any point during an open hearing, the persons charged may

request permission to close the hearing. The committee will rule on any such

requests. In exceptional circumstances, the committee reserves the right to hold a

portion of the hearing in closed session.

a. At a closed hearing only the persons bringing charges and their advisers, the

persons being charged and their advisers, witnesses called by the committee,

members of the committee, and the committee staff may be present. The

names of the persons charged will not be released by the committee, and the

records of the case will be considered confidential.

b. At an open hearing, in addition to the persons mentioned in the paragraph

above, spectators from the University community may be admitted up to the

normal seating capacity of the room. Arrangements may be made for the

broadcast of the hearing in an additional auditorium if there is sufficient public

interest to justify these arrangements.

c. The chair of the Judicial Committee is responsible for maintaining conditions

which are consistent with the orderly conduct of hearings. In carrying out this

responsibility, the chair is obligated to prevent and deter hostile, threatening, or

unduly disrespectful remarks or behavior by any individuals present and also

to prevent and deter prolonged or emphatic audience response to testimony or

argument. In meeting this obligation, the chair may take such steps as are

outlined under

section 1.9.5

"Responsibilities of the Chair," point 3.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 42

d. The committee will call a reasonable number of witnesses requested by the

persons bringing charges and the persons being charged. Normally, these

witnesses will be called from lists provided before the opening of the hearing

by the persons involved and made available to both parties, but the committee

may call any witnesses it pleases. Normally, witnesses shall not be present at

the hearing until they present their testimony.

e. The committee may permit additions to lists of witnesses or evidence when it

is convinced that the availability or relevance of such witnesses or evidence

could not have been foreseen before the hearing began. Advance notice of

such additions shall always be given to all parties, and the committee shall

allow such delay as it may consider necessary to prepare for the questioning

of added witnesses or the examination of added exhibits.

f. All witnesses may be questioned by all parties in a case and their advisers and

by any member of the committee. The chair may rule any question out of

order.

g. All material evidence and documents shall be formally introduced as

presented in the hearing, lists of the exhibits proposed for presentation as

evidence and copies of documentary evidence having been made available in

advance to all parties in a case. The committee may introduce additional

materials during the course of the hearing.

h. The credibility of any evidence which is introduced may be challenged by any

parties in a case.

i. The judgment of the committee shall be based entirely upon testimony and

evidence presented formally during the course of the hearing. The persons

charged shall be presumed innocent until the committee is convinced beyond

a reasonable doubt by the evidence presented during the hearing that they are

guilty. In determining their guilt or innocence the committee will disregard any

previous history of disciplinary action with respect to the persons charged. If

the persons charged are found guilty, the committee may, in determining a

penalty, take into account any previous disciplinary action.

j. The persons charged and the persons bringing charges may be questioned by

the members of the committee and by the other parties in the case. The

persons charged may decline to answer questions without prejudice.

k. A verbatim record of the hearing shall be made and kept under the supervision

of the secretary of the committee. This record shall be supplied to the persons

being charged and the persons bringing charges upon request.

Judgment

a. After the parties in the case have had a reasonable opportunity to present their

arguments and to question opposing witnesses, and the committee has

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 43

completed its questioning, the committee shall meet in private to reach a

decision and, if it finds the charges to have been sustained, to assign an

appropriate penalty.

b. Five members, not including the chair, shall constitute a quorum. All decisions

shall be made by a majority of those present.

c. When the committee has reached its decision, the chair will notify the parties

and then those authorities mentioned in section 5.6.6 of the Charter of the

Council of the Princeton University Community and the press of the

committee's disposition of the case. The committee's report will include the

result of its vote and a majority opinion, together with minority opinions, if any.

If the hearing has been closed, the committee in making its public report will

be guided by the principles concerning the confidential nature of student

records.

1.9.4 Procedure in Appeals of Cases Previously Heard by Another Authority

1. According to the charter of the council, the Judicial Committee may also

decide to

hear appeals

from persons found guilty of violating established rules and

regulations, when it has been alleged by such persons that the procedures of the

original authority were not fair and reasonable.

a. The person wishing to have a judgment reviewed shall, within one week

(during which the University is in session) of the original judgment, file a

request for review with the secretary of the council, stating the authority that

made the judgment and the date, and indicating the reasons for requesting a

review.

b. The secretary will immediately forward the request to the chair of the

committee.

c. The chair will immediately notify the original authority that the request for

review has been made and will as promptly as possible obtain from the

authority that made the earlier judgment the record of the proceedings in the

case. A copy of this record will be furnished by the committee to the person

making the request.

d. The person making the request will file with the chair of the Judicial

Committee within one week of receiving the record a memorandum stating in

what specific respects it is alleged that the procedures were not fair and

reasonable. In preparing this memorandum, the person requesting review has

the right to seek any advice the person chooses.

Review and Determination.

The committee will meet in closed session to review

the appeal memorandum. It may at its discretion call the person making the appeal

for questioning in closed session, but if it does, the authority which made the

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 44

original judgment shall be invited to have a representative present, who may

participate in the questioning. The committee may then come to a judgment as

listed in point 4 below. Note that the only grounds for appeal are that the

procedures of the original authority were not fair and reasonable.

Hearing.

The committee, at its discretion, may hold a formal hearing to determine

if the procedures of the original authority were fair and reasonable. If such a

hearing is conducted, the procedures would be analogous to those outlined in the

above

section 1.9.3

“Procedure in Cases Not Previously Heard by Another Authority,” in point 4.

Judgment.

The committee may decide to uphold the previous judgment, or to

return the case to the original authority. In exceptional cases, for instance where

the committee determines that it is unable to return the case to the original

authority, the committee may decide to reverse or alter the previous judgment. The

ruling of the original authority will be upheld unless convincing argument is

presented to the contrary.

1.9.5 Responsibilities of the Chair

1. The chair of the Judicial Committee shall preside at all hearings. If the chair must

be absent during part of a hearing, the chair may designate another member of the

committee to act in the chair's place as deputy chair for the period the chair is

absent. If, in extraordinary circumstances, an entire hearing must be conducted in

the absence of the chair, the committee shall elect a chair pro tem from among its

members by a majority vote, selecting a person from the alternate panel to replace

the missing member as a regular voting member so long as the chair shall be

absent.

2. The chair, as presiding officer, is responsible for procedural correctness. The chair

a. makes an initial determination of any procedural question which arises during

the course of a hearing;

b. rules on the propriety of any questions asked by members of the committee,

persons charged, or persons bringing charges.

3. The chair is responsible for maintaining conditions which are consistent with the

right to orderly conduct of hearings as described in 4c. When persons attending

the hearings as observers engage in acts which violate this right, the chair may,

after due warning, require the withdrawal of such persons from the hearing room.

The chair may also, after due warning, adjourn the hearing and reconvene, barring

all observers except members of the press. The chair may also initiate, on

consultation with the committee, charges against observers who are disrupting the

hearing.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 45

In cases where the violation of this right stems from acts of persons charged or

persons bringing the charges, the committee shall normally adjourn the case and

begin hearings within 48 hours on the charge of violating the rights to an orderly

hearing. If such persons persist in their disruptive actions, the committee may,

after due warning in exceptional instances, continue these proceedings in their

absence.

a. Any decision of the chair may be challenged by a member of the Judicial

Committee. The committee will meet, if necessary, in executive session to

consider the decision and vote on it. A majority of the committee is required to

reverse the chair's decision.

b. In hearing cases involving the violation of the right to orderly hearings, the

committee shall normally restrict itself to hearing arguments concerning

mitigating circumstances involved in the alleged violation. The committee

shall then meet to discuss the case and to decide upon appropriate penalties,

if any, by majority vote. Penalized individuals wishing to appeal such decisions

must address their appeals to the president of the University.

4. The chair shall have no vote in decisions related to the adjudication of charges or

the conduct of hearings except to resolve a tie.

1.9.6 Order of Proceedings in Cases of the First Instance

1. The chair shall first call upon the persons bringing charges or their representatives

to outline the substantive basis of the charges. They may introduce additional

material evidence at this time.

2. Members of the committee may then question persons bringing charges.

3. The chair of the committee shall then call upon persons charged to outline their

case.

4. Members of the committee may then question the persons charged.

5. Witnesses will then be called by the committee in an order to be determined by the

chair.

a. Witnesses normally will first be questioned by members of the committee,

then by the persons bringing charges, and, finally, by the persons charged.

Each group may, in the same order, then re-question each witness and the

members of the committee may ask final questions of witnesses before they

are dismissed. (Since all witnesses are called by the committee in order to

facilitate its investigation and adjudication of charges, there are no friendly or

hostile witnesses, and cross-examination, redirect examination, and re-cross-

examination procedures are not germane.)

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 46

b. Witnesses will normally not be present before giving their testimony. After they

have been questioned, they may remain at an open hearing and may be called

for further questioning by the committee.

c. Persons charged and persons bringing charges will always have an

opportunity to speak in direct rebuttal of evidence or the testimony of

witnesses when it is their turn to address themselves to the committee.

d. In asking questions of witnesses, persons bringing charges and persons

charged may address themselves to the substantive basis and validity of

testimony. The committee will make every effort to protect each witness from

undue harassment during a hearing.

6. After all witnesses have been called, persons bringing charges and persons

charged may question the evidence and documents and raise additional questions.

These parties may address their questions directly to one another, unless the chair

rules otherwise.

7. Members of the committee may at any time question the persons bringing charges

and the persons charged. The latter may decline to answer without prejudice.

8. The chair shall then call upon the persons bringing charges and the persons

charged to summarize their positions and to make concluding remarks.

9. At the completion of concluding remarks, the chair may make summary remarks

on behalf of the committee and shall close the hearing. The committee shall then

meet in executive session in order to make its judgment and to impose penalties, if

any.

1.9.7 Order of Proceedings in Appeals Cases

The order of proceedings in appeals cases is the same as that in cases of the first

instance, except that persons making an appeal present their case first and

representatives of the body having made the original decision second.

1.9.8 Procedural Requests

1. The parties to a case may request a ruling by the chair concerning procedural

correctness at any time during the hearing.

2. The parties to a case may request that the committee add witnesses to be called

before it or that the committee call witnesses in a specified order.

3. At any point during an open hearing, the persons charged may request permission

to close the hearing. The committee will rule on any such requests.

4. Any member of the committee may request a recess of the hearing so that the

committee can meet in executive session at any time during the hearing.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 47

1.9.9 Evidence

1. Normally, evidence accepted by both parties at a pre-hearing conference will be

labeled before the hearing opens.

2. Other evidence, not accepted by one party, may be introduced and challenged

during the hearing. After arguments are given, the chair shall make a ruling on the

issue of its admissibility.

3. Photographic evidence introduced:

a. Persons who took photographs used as evidence are subject to questioning by

the committee and both parties to a case as to the circumstances under which

the photographs were taken.

b. Witnesses who used photographs for purposes of identification prior to the

hearing are subject to questioning as to how such photographs were used.

All documentary evidence will be retained in the permanent records of the committee.

1.9.10 Reports

1. In accordance with section 5.6.6 of the Charter of the Council of the Princeton

University Community, the Judicial Committee shall submit a written report on the

disposition of each case.

2. This report shall include:

a. a chronology of the case from the receipt of charges to final disposition;

b. a statement of actions taken by the committee pertaining to the case;

c. a statement of the findings which were significant and relevant to the

disposition of the case and the selection of any penalties; and

d. remarks on procedural questions raised during the hearing.

1.9.11 Appeals from Decisions of the Judicial Committee

In accordance with the charter of the CPUC (CPUC charter 5.6.5), the president of the

University may review decisions of the Judicial Committee in cases not previously

heard by another authority and may reduce any penalties imposed by the committee

but may not increase them. It has been the policy of each president during the time of

the existence of the council, and it is correct in the view of the Committee on Rights

and Rules, to regard an appeal to the president chiefly as an opportunity for an

individual to seek clemency by explaining special circumstances that might be taken

into account with respect to penalties imposed upon the individual. The purpose of an

appeal to the president is not to initiate a rehearing of substantive issues of fact or a

new determination of innocence or guilt.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide — page 48

Appeals will not be considered unless lodged with the president within one week after

the Judicial Committee's decision, unless otherwise specified in the decision.

Princeton University’s Rights, Rules, Responsibilities Guide

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