Data

Visualization

Hard

Skills

Data

Analysis

Preparation

Getting

data

into

clean

correctly

shaped

form

before

single

chart

drawn

1.1

SQL

for

analytical

reporting

Joins

subqueries

CTEs

window

functions

conditional

aggregation

and

grouping

build

chart

ready

result

sets

EXPERT

1.2

Python

for

data

manipulation

pandas

NumPy

and

Polars

for

filtering

reshaping

merging

grouping

and

deriving

new

measures

EXPERT

1.3

Data

cleaning

and

wrangling

Handling

missing

values

outliers

duplicate

records

mixed

types

inconsistent

categories

and

mismatched

keys

EXPERT

1.4

Spreadsheet

modeling

Excel

and

Google

Sheets

pivot

tables

XLOOKUP

and

INDEX

MATCH

Power

Query

dynamic

arrays

and

named

ranges

ADVANCED

1.5

Dimensional

and

semantic

data

modeling

Star

schemas

fact

and

dimension

tables

grain

definition

conformed

dimensions

and

slowly

changing

dimensions

ADVANCED

1.6

Exploratory

data

analysis

Distributions

summary

statistics

segment

and

cohort

breakdowns

trend

inspection

and

anomaly

detection

EXPERT

1.7

Data

quality

validation

Null

and

range

checks

reconciliation

against

source

systems

row

count

audits

and

pre

publication

sanity

tests

ADVANCED

Programming

Charting

Libraries

Rendering

charts

code

from

quick

static

plots

fully

custom

interactive

graphics

1 / 6

2.1

matplotlib

and

seaborn

Figure

and

axes

control

subplots

faceting

custom

ticks

and

scales

and

publication

quality

static

export

EXPERT

2.2

Plotly

and

Bokeh

Interactive

charts

with

hover

tooltips

linked

brushing

zoom

and

HTML

embedding

for

web

delivery

ADVANCED

2.3

and

ggplot

Grammar

graphics

layering

scales

coordinate

systems

themes

and

multi

panel

small

multiple

layouts

ADVANCED

2.4

Data

joins

scales

axes

transitions

and

bespoke

SVG

chart

types

that

library

provides

out

the

box

ADVANCED

2.5

Vega

Lite

and

Observable

Plot

Declarative

chart

specifications

encodings

transforms

and

rapid

prototyping

interactive

views

PROFICIENT

2.6

HTML

CSS

and

SVG

for

custom

graphics

Hand

built

SVG

paths

responsive

chart

containers

CSS

Grid

layouts

and

safe

rendering

rules

ADVANCED

2.7

Notebook

and

reproducible

reporting

tools

Jupyter

Quarto

and

Markdown

for

parameterized

runnable

analysis

with

embedded

figures

ADVANCED

and

Dashboard

Platforms

Building

and

maintaining

the

dashboards

that

most

stakeholders

actually

open

every

morning

3.1

Tableau

Calculated

fields

level

detail

expressions

parameters

sets

groups

extracts

and

dashboard

actions

EXPERT

3.2

Power

DAX

measures

Power

Query

transforms

dataflows

row

level

security

and

report

publishing

workspaces

ADVANCED

2 / 6

3.3

Looker

and

Looker

Studio

LookML

modeling

explores

derived

tables

dimension

grouping

and

scheduled

delivery

stakeholders

PROFICIENT

3.4

Qlik

Sense

and

self

service

Associative

data

models

master

items

sheet

design

and

governed

self

service

exploration

PROFICIENT

3.5

Metabase

and

Apache

Superset

Native

and

SQL

based

questions

dashboard

filters

alerting

and

lightweight

open

source

deployment

PROFICIENT

3.6

Dashboard

interaction

and

design

Filter

placement

drill

down

paths

cross

filtering

tooltip

content

empty

states

and

default

selections

ADVANCED

3.7

Embedded

analytics

and

reporting

APIs

Token

based

embedding

white

labelled

dashboards

and

programmatic

report

generation

for

product

surfaces

WORKING

KNOWLEDGE

Statistics

Analytical

Methods

Choosing

accurate

representation

and

knowing

when

pattern

real

4.1

Descriptive

statistics

Central

tendency

dispersion

percentiles

distribution

shape

and

selection

the

correct

summary

measure

EXPERT

4.2

Regression

analysis

Linear

and

logistic

models

coefficient

interpretation

residual

diagnostics

and

fitted

line

overlays

charts

ADVANCED

4.3

Experiment

and

test

analysis

Lift

calculation

confidence

intervals

power

sample

ratio

mismatch

checks

and

effect

size

visualization

ADVANCED

4.4

Time

series

analysis

and

forecasting

Trend

and

seasonality

decomposition

rolling

averages

lag

features

and

confidence

bands

forecast

charts

ADVANCED

4.5

Clustering

and

segmentation

means

hierarchical

clustering

and

DBSCAN

applied

customer

product

behavioral

segmentation

PROFICIENT

3 / 6

4.6

Dimensionality

reduction

PCA

SNE

and

UMAP

projections

rendered

scatter

plots

with

clear

caveats

reading

distance

and

density

PROFICIENT

4.7

Inferential

statistics

Hypothesis

testing

values

confidence

intervals

and

uncertainty

bands

communicated

accurately

chart

ADVANCED

Visual

Design

Perception

The

craft

layer

making

technically

correct

chart

also

instantly

readable

5.1

Chart

selection

and

visual

encoding

Matching

chart

type

data

type

and

question

;

choosing

position

length

angle

area

color

the

encoding

channel

EXPERT

5.2

Color

theory

for

data

Sequential

diverging

and

categorical

palettes

;

perceptual

uniformity

;

colorblind

safe

selection

;

avoiding

value

distortion

EXPERT

5.3

Typography

and

chart

layout

Title

and

subtitle

hierarchy

axis

and

tick

labels

legends

labels

versus

direct

labeling

and

whitespace

control

ADVANCED

5.4

Decluttering

and

the

data

ink

ratio

Removing

gridline

noise

redundant

legends

, 3

effects

and

decorative

elements

that

not

carry

information

EXPERT

5.5

Annotation

and

narrative

structure

Callouts

reference

lines

shaded

event

windows

threshold

markers

and

sequencing

charts

into

story

arc

ADVANCED

5.6

Accessibility

visualization

WCAG

contrast

ratios

colorblind

safe

encodings

text

alternatives

for

charts

and

keyboard

navigable

interactive

views

ADVANCED

5.7

Chart

style

guides

and

design

systems

Reusable

theme

files

standardized

palettes

and

fonts

and

consistent

formatting

across

every

chart

report

ADVANCED

4 / 6

Data

Engineering

Delivery

Moving

data

reliably

and

shipping

the

finished

visual

wherever

needs

live

6.1

ETL

and

ELT

pipelines

Extract

transform

load

design

incremental

loads

scheduled

refreshes

and

dbt

models

feeding

reporting

layers

ADVANCED

6.2

Cloud

data

warehouses

Snowflake

BigQuery

Redshift

and

Databricks

querying

warehouse

sizing

cost

awareness

and

access

control

ADVANCED

6.3

Data

formats

and

performance

tuning

Parquet

CSV

and

JSON

trade

offs

;

columnar

storage

;

partitioning

;

aggregation

tables

;

and

query

optimization

PROFICIENT

6.4

Version

control

for

analysis

and

dashboards

Git

branching

commit

hygiene

pull

request

review

for

notebook

and

dashboard

artifacts

and

rollback

discipline

ADVANCED

6.5

APIs

and

automation

Pulling

from

REST

and

GraphQL

endpoints

handling

pagination

and

rate

limits

and

automating

recurring

report

jobs

PROFICIENT

6.6

Export

and

publishing

Vector

SVG

high

resolution

PNG

safe

PDF

and

embedded

interactive

charts

sized

correctly

for

their

destination

ADVANCED

6.7

Large

dataset

handling

Aggregation

pushdown

sampling

for

responsiveness

caching

layers

and

progressive

rendering

for

heavy

visuals

PROFICIENT

Communication

Stakeholder

Work

Turning

accurate

chart

into

decision

someone

actually

acts

7.1

Requirements

gathering

Translating

vague

stakeholder

question

into

defined

metric

comparison

and

specific

chart

design

EXPERT

5 / 6

7.2

Metric

and

KPI

definition

Writing

precise

metric

definitions

choosing

denominators

handling

time

zones

and

documenting

calculation

logic

ADVANCED

7.3

Data

storytelling

Ordering

visuals

build

argument

using

contrast

and

emphasis

and

leading

with

the

finding

rather

than

the

data

pull

EXPERT

7.4

Executive

summaries

and

one

page

briefs

Condensing

analysis

into

three

key

takeaways

with

the

supporting

chart

attached

beneath

each

claim

ADVANCED

7.5

Presentation

and

critique

handling

Presenting

findings

live

defending

methodological

choices

and

revising

visuals

response

direct

feedback

ADVANCED

7.6

Documentation

and

reproducibility

Readable

code

comments

data

dictionaries

methodology

notes

and

versioned

dashboards

others

can

maintain

ADVANCED

6 / 6

Data Visualization Hard Skills

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