CLIMATE RESEARCH

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Climate change research

Climate Change Annotated

Bibliography

Evidence, documented impacts, scientific consensus, and the social understanding of climate

change

RESEARCH LENS

This bibliography brings together major scholarly and institutional works that address climate change

from complementary angles: the scientific literature, U.S. impacts, international assessment,

consensus research, and public understanding.

Cook, J., Nuccitelli, D., Green, S. A., Richardson, M., Winkler, B., Painting, R., Way, R., Jacobs, P.,

& Skuce, A. (2013). Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the

scientific literature. Environmental Research Letters, 8(2), 024024.

https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024

ANNOTATION

Cook and colleagues examine 11,944 climate abstracts published from 1991 through 2011 to

determine how the peer-reviewed literature expressed positions on human-caused global warming.

The article is useful because it gives a defined research corpus, explains its classification method,

and reports how often abstracts did or did not state a position. It is particularly relevant to an

annotated bibliography on climate change because it addresses the scientific literature itself rather

than relying on public commentary. The study also provides a clear basis for discussing how

scientific consensus has been measured.

U.S. Global Change Research Program. (2023). Fifth National Climate Assessment.

https://doi.org/10.7930/NCA5.2023

ANNOTATION

This federal assessment synthesizes evidence about climate impacts, risks, and responses across

the United States. Its chapters address regions, sectors, and communities, making the report useful

when a research project needs to move from general climate science to documented U.S.

consequences. The assessment is especially valuable for its breadth and interagency review

process. It can support research on climate-related changes in health, infrastructure, ecosystems,

economies, and community resilience while also helping readers identify more specialized chapters

for deeper study.

CLIMATE RESEARCH

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Climate change research

Hulme, M. (2009). Why we disagree about climate change: Understanding controversy, inaction

and opportunity. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511841200

ANNOTATION

Hulme treats climate change as both a physical phenomenon and a social idea shaped by science,

communication, economics, politics, development, and culture. The book is relevant to climate

change research that asks why evidence can lead to different interpretations or responses. Instead

of reducing disagreement to a single cause, Hulme examines several frameworks through which

people understand climate change. That interdisciplinary approach makes the source useful for

connecting climate science with public communication, social meaning, and decisions about risk.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2023). Climate change 2023: Synthesis report.

https://doi.org/10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647

ANNOTATION

The synthesis report brings together conclusions from the Sixth Assessment Report on the physical

science of climate change, impacts and adaptation, and mitigation. It provides a high-level account

of observed changes, future risks, adaptation limits, and pathways for reducing emissions. For an

annotated bibliography, its main strength is its role as a synthesis of a much larger assessment

literature. It is therefore useful for establishing the overall state of evidence before moving to

narrower studies on particular regions, hazards, or policy questions.

Oreskes, N. (2004). Beyond the ivory tower. The scientific consensus on climate change. Science,

306(5702), 1686. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1103618

ANNOTATION

Oreskes reviews 928 abstracts from peer-reviewed climate research to examine whether the

literature supported a consensus that human activities were affecting Earth’s climate. Although the

article is brief, its historical importance comes from making the scientific-consensus question a

subject of explicit literature analysis. It remains useful for understanding an early systematic

attempt to characterize agreement within published climate research. Reading it alongside later

consensus studies provides context for how the evidence base and research approaches developed.

Climate Change Annotated Bibliography

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